Plastics piping systems for water supply, and for drainage and sewerage under pressure — Polyethylene (PE) — Part 3: Fittings

This document specifies the fittings made from polyethylene (PE) for buried or above ground applications, intended for the conveyance of water for human consumption, raw water prior to treatment, drainage and sewerage under pressure, vacuum sewer systems, and water for other purposes. NOTE 1 The intended uses include sea outfalls, laid in water and connection between pipes suspended below bridges. This document also specifies the test parameters for the test methods referred to in this document. In conjunction with the other parts of the ISO 4427 series, this document is applicable to PE fittings, to joints with components of PE or other materials, intended to be used under the following conditions: a) a maximum allowable operating pressure (PFA) up to and including 25 bar[1]; b) an operating temperature of 20 °C as the reference temperature. NOTE 2 For other operating temperatures, guidance is given in ISO 4427‑1:2019, Annex A. This document covers a range of maximum allowable operating pressures and gives requirements concerning colours. NOTE 3 It is the responsibility of the purchaser or specifier to make the appropriate selections from these aspects, taking into account their particular requirements and installation practices or codes. This document is applicable to fittings of the following types: 1. fusion fittings; a. electrofusion fittings; b. spigot end fittings (for butt fusion using heated tools and electrofusion socket fusion); c. socket fusion fittings (see Annex A); 2. mechanical fittings; a. compression fittings; b. flanged fittings; 3. fabricated fittings (see Annex B). [1] 1 bar = 0,1 MPa = 105 Pa; 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2.

Systèmes de canalisations en plastique destinés à l'alimentation en eau et aux branchements et collecteurs d'assainissement sous pression — Polyéthylène (PE) — Partie 3: Raccords

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Status
Published
Publication Date
05-Aug-2019
Current Stage
6060 - International Standard published
Due Date
14-Apr-2019
Completion Date
06-Aug-2019
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 4427-3
Second edition
2019-08
Plastics piping systems for water
supply, and for drainage and sewerage
under pressure — Polyethylene (PE) —
Part 3:
Fittings
Systèmes de canalisations en plastique destinés à l'alimentation
en eau et aux branchements et collecteurs d'assainissement sous
pression — Polyéthylène (PE) —
Partie 3: Raccords
Reference number
ISO 4427-3:2019(E)
©
ISO 2019

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ISO 4427-3:2019(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
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Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
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Email: copyright@iso.org
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

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ISO 4427-3:2019(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 2
3 Terms and definitions . 3
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 4
5 Material . 4
5.1 PE compound . 4
5.2 Material for non-polyethylene parts . 4
5.2.1 General. 4
5.2.2 Metal parts . 4
5.2.3 Elastomers . 5
5.2.4 Other materials . 5
6 General characteristics . 5
6.1 Appearance . 5
6.2 Design . 5
6.3 Colour . 5
6.4 Electrical characteristics for electrofusion fittings . 5
6.5 Appearance of factory-made joints . 6
6.6 Effect on water quality . 6
7 Geometrical characteristics . 6
7.1 Measurement of dimensions . 6
7.2 Dimensions of electrofusion socket fittings . 6
7.2.1 Diameters and lengths of electrofusion sockets . 6
7.2.2 Wall thickness . 7
7.2.3 Out-of-roundness of the bore of a fitting (at any point) . 8
7.2.4 Spigots . . 8
7.2.5 Other dimensions . 8
7.3 Dimensions of electrofusion saddle fittings . 8
7.4 Dimensions of spigot end fittings . 9
7.4.1 Diameter and length . 9
7.4.2 Wall thickness of the fusion end .12
7.4.3 Wall thickness of the fitting body .12
7.4.4 Other dimensions .12
7.5 Dimensions of socket fusion fittings .12
7.6 Dimensions of fabricated fittings .12
7.7 Design and dimensions of mechanical fittings .12
7.7.1 General.12
7.7.2 Mechanical fittings with polyethylene spigot ends .12
7.7.3 Mechanical fittings with polyethylene electrofusion sockets .12
7.7.4 Threads .13
7.8 Dimensions of loose backing flanges and flange adapters .13
8 Mechanical characteristics .13
8.1 General .13
8.2 Conditioning .13
8.3 Requirements .13
8.4 Retest conditions .15
8.5 Performance requirements .16
9 Physical characteristics .16
9.1 Conditioning .16
9.2 Requirements .16
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ISO 4427-3:2019(E)

10 Chemical resistance of fittings in contact with chemicals .17
11 Performance requirements .17
12 Marking .17
12.1 General .17
12.2 Minimum required marking .17
12.3 Fusion system recognition .18
13 Packaging .18
Annex A (normative) Socket fusion fittings .19
Annex B (normative) Fabricated fittings .21
Annex C (informative) Examples of typical terminal connections for electrofusion fittings .28
Annex D (normative) Short-term pressure test method .31
Annex E (normative) Tensile test for fitting/pipe assemblies .33
Bibliography .35
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ISO 4427-3:2019(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 138, Plastics pipes, fitting and valves for
the transport of fluids, Subcommittee SC 2, Plastics pipes and fittings for water supplies.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 4427-3:2007), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are:
— Update of the normative references;
— Technical consistency with ISO 4437-3 (see Reference [1] in the Bibliography).
A list of all parts in the ISO 4427 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved v

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ISO 4427-3:2019(E)

Introduction
The ISO 4427 series of standards are a set of system standards that specify the requirements for a
piping system and its components when made from polyethylene (PE). The piping system is intended
to be used in buried or above ground applications, for the conveyance of water for human consumption,
raw water prior to treatment, drainage and sewerage under pressure, vacuum sewer systems, and
water for other purposes.
In respect of potential adverse effects on the quality of water intended for human consumption caused
by the products covered by the ISO 4427 series, it does not provide information on the restriction on
the use of products.
NOTE Guidance for assessment of conformity can be found in Reference [2] in the Bibliography.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4427-3:2019(E)
Plastics piping systems for water supply, and for drainage
and sewerage under pressure — Polyethylene (PE) —
Part 3:
Fittings
1 Scope
This document specifies the fittings made from polyethylene (PE) for buried or above ground
applications, intended for the conveyance of water for human consumption, raw water prior to
treatment, drainage and sewerage under pressure, vacuum sewer systems, and water for other
purposes.
NOTE 1 The intended uses include sea outfalls, laid in water and connection between pipes suspended below
bridges.
This document also specifies the test parameters for the test methods referred to in this document.
In conjunction with the other parts of the ISO 4427 series, this document is applicable to PE fittings, to
joints with components of PE or other materials, intended to be used under the following conditions:
1)
a) a maximum allowable operating pressure (PFA) up to and including 25 bar ;
b) an operating temperature of 20 °C as the reference temperature.
NOTE 2 For other operating temperatures, guidance is given in ISO 4427-1:2019, Annex A.
This document covers a range of maximum allowable operating pressures and gives requirements
concerning colours.
NOTE 3 It is the responsibility of the purchaser or specifier to make the appropriate selections from these
aspects, taking into account their particular requirements and installation practices or codes.
This document is applicable to fittings of the following types:
1. fusion fittings;
a. electrofusion fittings;
b. spigot end fittings (for butt fusion using heated tools and electrofusion socket fusion);
c. socket fusion fittings (see Annex A);
2. mechanical fittings;
a. compression fittings;
b. flanged fittings;
3. fabricated fittings (see Annex B).
5 2
1) 1 bar = 0,1 MPa = 10 Pa; 1 MPa = 1 N/mm .
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ISO 4427-3:2019(E)

2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 7-1, Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are made on the threads — Part 1: Dimensions, tolerances
and designation
ISO 228-1, Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are not made on the threads — Part 1: Dimensions,
tolerances and designation
ISO 1133-1, Plastics — Determination of the melt mass-flow rate (MFR) and melt volume-flow rate (MVR)
of thermoplastics — Part 1: Standard method
ISO 1167-1:2006, Thermoplastics pipes, fittings and assemblies for the conveyance of fluids — Determination
of the resistance to internal pressure — Part 1: General method
ISO 1167-3, Thermoplastics pipes, fittings and assemblies for the conveyance of fluids — Determination of
the resistance to internal pressure — Part 3: Preparation of components
ISO 1167-4, Thermoplastics pipes, fittings and assemblies for the conveyance of fluids — Determination of
the resistance to internal pressure — Part 4: Preparation of assemblies
ISO 3126, Plastics piping systems — Plastics components — Determination of dimensions
ISO 4427-1, Plastics piping systems for water supply, and for drainage and sewerage under pressure —
Polyethylene (PE) — Part 1: General
ISO 4427-2, Plastics piping systems for water supply, and for drainage and sewerage under pressure —
Polyethylene (PE) — Part 2: Pipes
ISO 4427-5, Plastics piping systems for water supply, and for drainage and sewerage under pressure —
Polyethylene (PE) — Part 5: Fitness for purpose of the system
ISO 4433-1, Thermoplastics pipes — Resistance to liquid chemicals — Classification — Part 1: Immersion
test method
ISO 4433-2, Thermoplastics pipes — Resistance to liquid chemicals — Classification — Part 2: Polyolefin pipes
ISO 9624, Thermoplastics pipes for fluids under pressure — Mating dimensions of flange adapters and loose
backing flanges Thermoplastics pipes for fluids under pressure — Mating dimensions of flange adapters
and loose backing flanges
ISO 11357-6, Plastics — Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) — Part 6: Determination of oxidation
induction time (isothermal OIT) and oxidation induction temperature (dynamic OIT)
ISO 12176-1, Plastics pipes and fittings — Equipment for fusion jointing polyethylene systems — Part 1:
Butt fusion
ISO 13951, Plastics piping systems — Test method for the resistance of plastic pipe/pipe or pipe/fitting
assemblies to tensile loading
ISO 13953, Polyethylene (PE) pipes and fittings — Determination of the tensile strength and failure mode of
test pieces from a butt-fused joint
ISO 13954, Plastics pipes and fittings — Peel decohesion test for polyethylene (PE) electrofusion assemblies
of nominal outside diameter greater than or equal to 90 mm
ISO 13955, Plastics pipes and fittings — Crushing decohesion test for polyethylene (PE) electrofusion
assemblies
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ISO 4427-3:2019(E)

ISO 13956, Plastics pipes and fittings — Decohesion test of polyethylene (PE) saddle fusion joints —
Evaluation of ductility of fusion joint interface by tear test
ISO 13957, Plastics pipes and fittings — Polyethylene (PE) tapping tees — Test method for impact resistance
ISO 17885, Plastics piping systems — Mechanical fittings for pressure piping systems — Specifications
EN 681-1:1996, Elastomeric seals — Materials requirements for pipe joint seals used in water and drainage
applications — Part 1: Vulcanized rubber
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 4427-1 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http: //www .iso .org/obp
3.1
electrofusion socket fitting
polyethylene (PE) fitting which contains one or more integral heating elements that are capable of
transforming electrical energy into heat to realize a fusion joint with a spigot end or pipe
3.2
electrofusion saddle fitting
polyethylene (PE) fitting which contains one or more integral heating elements that are capable of
transforming electrical energy into heat to realize a fusion joint onto a pipe
3.2.1
tapping tee
electrofusion saddle fitting (top-loading or wraparound) which contains an integral cutter used for
cutting through the wall of the main pipe, which remains in the body of the tapping tee after installation
3.2.2
branch saddle
electrofusion saddle fitting (top-loading or wraparound) which requires an ancillary cutting tool for
drilling the hole in the adjoining main pipe
3.3
spigot end fitting
polyethylene (PE) fitting where the outside diameter of the spigot length is equal to the nominal outside
diameter, d , of the corresponding pipe
n
3.4
socket fusion fitting
polyethylene (PE) fitting where the socket mouth is designed to be fusion-jointed with a spigot end or a
pipe using heated tools
3.5
fabricated fitting
fitting produced from pipe conforming to ISO 4427-2 and/or from injection-moulded fittings in
accordance with this document
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ISO 4427-3:2019(E)

3.6
mechanical fitting
fitting, that generally includes a compression part to provide pressure integrity, leaktightness and
resistance to end loads, for assembling polyethylene (PE) pipe to another PE pipe or any other element
of the piping system
Note 1 to entry: The fitting can create a radial compressive force (compression fitting) or an axial compressive
force (flange connection).
Note 2 to entry: A pipe-supporting sleeve providing a permanent support for a polyethylene (PE) pipe to prevent
creep in the pipe wall under radial compressive forces, can be applicable. In some cases, the supporting sleeve
contributes to end load resistance.
Note 3 to entry: The fitting can allow either a dismountable or permanently assembled joint.
Note 4 to entry: The mechanical fitting can be supplied for field assembly or pre-assembled by the manufacturer.
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the symbols and abbreviated terms given in ISO 4427-1 apply.
5 Material
5.1 PE compound
The PE compound from which the fittings are made shall be in accordance with ISO 4427-1.
The stress bearing PE parts of injection moulded fittings shall only be made from virgin material.
Non-stress bearing PE parts shall be made from virgin material or own reprocessed material from a
compound with the same MRS or a mixture of both materials.
NOTE Since PE 40 is not commonly used for pressure applications, it is the intention of ISO/TC 138/SC 2 to
withdraw all references to this compound at the next revision of the ISO 4427 series (all parts).
5.2 Material for non-polyethylene parts
5.2.1 General
The materials and constituent elements used in making the fitting (including elastomers and any metal
parts) shall be as resistant to the external and internal environments as the other elements of the piping
system and shall have a life expectancy under the following conditions at least equal to that of the PE
pipe conforming to ISO 4427-2 with which they are intended to be used:
a) during storage;
b) under the effect of the fluids being conveyed;
c) with respect to the service environment and operating conditions.
Other materials used in fittings and in contact with the PE pipe (e.g. greases) shall not adversely affect
the pipe performance or initiate stress cracking.
5.2.2 Metal parts
All parts susceptible to corrosion shall be adequately protected, provided this is necessary for durability
and function of the system.
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ISO 4427-3:2019(E)

When dissimilar metallic parts are used which may be in contact with moisture, appropriate actions
shall be taken to avoid galvanic corrosion.
5.2.3 Elastomers
Elastomeric materials used for the manufacture of seals shall conform to EN 681-1.
5.2.4 Other materials
Greases or lubricants shall not exude on to the fusion areas and shall not affect the long-term
performance of the pipes and fittings nor have any adverse effect on the quality of the water.
6 General characteristics
6.1 Appearance
When viewed without magnification, the internal and external surfaces of the fitting shall be smooth,
clean and free from scoring, cavities and other surface defects such as would prevent conformity of the
fitting to this document.
6.2 Design
The design of the fitting shall be such that, when assembling the fitting onto the pipe or other
components in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations, the electrical coils and/or seals
are not displaced.
6.3 Colour
The PE part of fitting shall be either black or blue. For fabricated fittings, the colour characteristics of
pipes shall be in accordance with ISO 4427-2.
The blue colour is intended for the conveyance of water for human consumption only.
For above-ground installations, all components other than black should be protected from direct UV light.
6.4 Electrical characteristics for electrofusion fittings
The electrical protection that shall be provided by the fusion process depends on the voltage and the
current used and on the characteristics of the electricity power source.
For voltages greater than 25 V, direct human contact with energized parts shall not be possible when the
fitting is in the fusion cycle during assembly in accordance with the instructions of the manufacturers
of the fittings and of the assembly equipment, as applicable.
NOTE 1 The fitting during the fusion process is part of an electrical system as defined in EN 60335–1,
HD 60364–1, and IEC 60449 (References [3], [4] and [5] in the Bibliography).
The tolerance on the electrical resistance of the fitting at 23 °C shall be stated by the manufacturer. The
resistance shall be between nominal resistance (−10 %) and nominal resistance (+10 %) + 0,1 Ω.
NOTE 2 0,1 Ω is the assumed value of the contact resistance.
The surface finish of the terminal pins shall allow a minimum contact resistance in order to satisfy the
resistance tolerance requirements.
NOTE 3 See Annex C for the examples of typical electrofusion terminal connections.
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ISO 4427-3:2019(E)

6.5 Appearance of factory-made joints
The internal and external surfaces of the pipe and fitting after fusion jointing, examined visually
...

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