SIST EN 60469:2013

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Prehodi, impulzi in z njimi povezane valovne oblike - Izrazi, definicije in algoritmi (IEC 60469:2013)Übergänge, Impulse und zugehörige Schwingungsabbilder- Begriffe, Definitionen und Algorithmen (IEC 60469:2013)Transitions, impulsions et formes d'ondes associées - Termes, définitions et algorithmes (CEI 60469:2013)Transitions, pulses and related waveforms - Terms, definitions and algorithms (IEC 60469:2013)17.220.20Measurement of electrical and magnetic quantities01.040.17Meroslovje in merjenje. Fizikalni pojavi (Slovarji)Metrology and measurement. Physical phenomena (Vocabularies)ICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 60469:2013SIST EN 60469:2013en01-september-2013SIST EN 60469:2013SLOVENSKI
STANDARD



SIST EN 60469:2013



EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60469 NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM June 2013
CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels
© 2013 CENELEC -
All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 60469:2013 E
ICS 01.040.17; 17.220.20
English version
Transitions, pulses and related waveforms -
Terms, definitions and algorithms (IEC 60469:2013)
Transitions, impulsions et formes d'ondes associées -
Termes, définitions et algorithmes (CEI 60469:2013)
Übergänge, Impulse und zugehörige Schwingungsabbilder - Begriffe, Definitionen und Algorithmen (IEC 60469:2013)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2013-05-28. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
SIST EN 60469:2013



EN 60469:2013 - 2 -
Foreword The text of document 85/409/CDV, future edition 1 of IEC 60469, prepared by IEC/TC 85 "Measuring equipment for electrical and electromagnetic quantities" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN 60469:2013. The following dates are fixed: • latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2014-02-28 • latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the document have to be withdrawn (dow) 2016-05-28
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 60469:2013 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated: ISO 9000:2005 NOTE
Harmonised as EN ISO 9000:2005 (not modified). ISO 10012:2003 NOTE
Harmonised as EN ISO 10012:2003 (not modified).
SIST EN 60469:2013



IEC 60469 Edition 1.0 2013-04 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Transitions, pulses and related waveforms – Terms, definitions and algorithms
Transitions, impulsions et formes d'ondes associées – Termes, définitions et algorithmes
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE XB ICS 01.040.17; 17.220.20 PRICE CODE CODE PRIX ISBN 978-2-83220-747-5
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale ®
Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.
Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé. SIST EN 60469:2013 colourinside



– 2 – 60469 © IEC:2013 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 4 INTRODUCTION . 6 1 Scope . 7 2 Normative references . 7 3 Terms, definitions and symbols . 7
General . 7 3.1 Terms and definitions . 7 3.2 Symbols . 25 3.3 Deprecated terms . 25 3.44 Measurement and analysis techniques . 26
General . 26 4.1 Method of waveform measurement . 26 4.2 Description of the waveform measurement process . 27 4.3 Waveform epoch determination . 28 4.4 Selection of waveform epoch . 28 4.4.1 Exclusion of data from analysis . 28 4.4.25 Analysis algorithms for waveforms . 28
Overview and guidance . 28 5.1 Selecting state levels . 28 5.2 General . 28 5.2.1 Data-distribution-based methods - Histograms. 28 5.2.2 Data-distribution-based methods - Shorth estimator . 31 5.2.3 Other methods . 33 5.2.4 Algorithm switching. 34 5.2.5 Determination of other single transition waveform parameters . 34 5.3 General . 34 5.3.1 Algorithm for calculating signed waveform amplitude . 34 5.3.2 Algorithm for calculating percent reference levels . 35 5.3.3 Algorithms for calculating reference level instants . 35 5.3.4 Algorithm for calculating transition duration between x1 % and x2 % 5.3.5reference levels . 36
Algorithm for calculating the undershoot and overshoot aberrations of 5.3.6step-like waveforms . 36
Algorithm for calculating waveform aberrations . 38 5.3.7 Algorithm for calculating transition settling duration . 39 5.3.8 Algorithm for calculating transition settling error . 40 5.3.9 Analysis of single and repetitive pulse waveforms . 40 5.4 General . 40 5.4.1 Algorithm for calculating pulse duration . 40 5.4.2 Algorithm for calculating waveform period. 40 5.4.3 Algorithm for calculating pulse separation . 41 5.4.4 Algorithm for calculating duty factor . 42 5.4.5 Analysis of compound waveforms . 42 5.5 General . 42 5.5.1 Waveform parsing . 43 5.5.2 Subepoch classification . 45 5.5.3 Waveform reconstitution . 45 5.5.4SIST EN 60469:2013



60469 © IEC:2013 – 3 –
Analysis of impulse-like waveforms . 46 5.6 Algorithm for calculating the impulse amplitude . 46 5.6.1 Algorithm for calculating impulse center instant . 46 5.6.2 Analysis of time relationships between different waveforms . 46 5.7 General . 46 5.7.1 Algorithm for calculating delay between different waveforms . 46 5.7.2 Analysis of waveform aberration . 46 5.8 Analysis of fluctuation and jitter . 46 5.9 General . 46 5.9.1 Determining standard deviations . 47 5.9.2 Measuring fluctuation and jitter of an instrument . 50 5.9.3 Measuring fluctuation and jitter of a signal source . 53 5.9.4Annex A (informative)
Waveform examples . 54 Bibliography . 64
Figure 1 – Single positive-going transition. 10 Figure 2 – Single negative-going transition . 11 Figure 3 – Single positive pulse waveform . 13 Figure 4 – Single negative pulse waveform . 13 Figure 5 – Overshoot and undershoot in single positive-going transition . 15 Figure 6 – Overshoot and undershoot in a single negative-going transition . 15 Figure 7 – Pulse train . 17 Figure 8 – Compound waveform . 22 Figure 9 – Calculation of waveform aberration . 23 Figure 10 – Waveform acquisition and measurement process . 27 Figure 11 – Generation of a compound waveform . 43 Figure A.1 – Step-like waveform . 54 Figure A.2 – Linear transition waveform . 55 Figure A.3 – Exponential waveform . 56 Figure A.4 – Impulse-like waveform . 57 Figure A.5 – Rectangular pulse waveform . 58 Figure A.6 – Trapezoidal pulse waveform . 59 Figure A.7 – Triangular pulse waveform . 60 Figure A.8 – Exponential pulse waveform . 61 Figure A.9 – Double pulse waveform . 62 Figure A.10 – Bipolar pulse waveform . 62 Figure A.11 – Staircase waveform . 63 Figure A.12 – Pulse train . 63
Table 1 – Comparison of the results from the exact and approximate formulas for computing the standard deviation of the calculated standard deviations . 49
SIST EN 60469:2013



– 4 – 60469 © IEC:2013 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ____________
TRANSITIONS, PULSES AND RELATED WAVEFORMS –
TERMS, DEFINITIONS AND ALGORITHMS
FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any services carried out by independent certification bodies. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 60469 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 85: Measuring equipment for electrical and electromagnetic quantities. This first edition of IEC 60469 cancels and replaces the second edition of IEC 60469-1 and the second edition of IEC 60469-2, both published in 1987. It constitutes a technical revision. This first edition of IEC 60469:
• combines the contents of IEC 60469-1:1987 and IEC 60469-2:1987;
• updates terminology;
• adds algorithms for computing values of pulse parameters; • adds a newly-developed
method for computing state levels. The text of this standard is based on the following documents: CDV Report on voting 85/409/CDV 85/433/RVC SIST EN 60469:2013



60469 © IEC:2013 – 5 –
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. All terms defined in Clause 3 are italicized in this document. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed, • withdrawn, • replaced by a revised edition, or • amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.
SIST EN 60469:2013



– 6 – 60469 © IEC:2013 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this standard is to facilitate accurate and precise communication concerning parameters of transition, pulse, and related waveforms and to establish the techniques and procedures for measuring them. Because of the broad applicability of electrical pulse technology in the electronics industries (such as computer, telecommunication, and test instrumentation industries), the development of unambiguous definitions for pulse terms and the presentation of methods and/or algorithms for their calculation is important for communication between manufacturers and consumers within the electronics industry. The availability of standard terms, definitions, and methods for their computation helps improve the quality of products and helps the consumer better compare the performance of different products. Improvements to digital waveform recorders (including oscilloscopes) have facilitated the capture, sharing, and processing of waveforms. Frequently these waveform recorders have the ability to process the waveform internally and provide pulse parameters. This process is done automatically and without operator intervention. This standard can be applied in many more scientific and engineering applications than mentioned above, such as optics, cosmology, seismology, medicine, etc., and ranging from single events to highly repetitive signals and from signals with bandwidths less than 1 Hz to those exceeding 1 THz. Consequently, a standard is needed to ensure that the definitions and methods of computation for pulse parameters are consistent.
IEC 60469-1 dealt with terms and definitions for describing waveform parameters and IEC 60469-2 described the waveform measurement process. The purpose of this standard is to combine the contents of IEC 60469-1 and IEC 60469-2, update terminology, correct errors, add algorithms for computing values of pulse parameters, and add a newly-developed method for computing state levels. This standard reflects two major changes compared to IEC 60469-1 and IEC 60469-2, which are the parameter definitions and algorithms. Changes to the definitions included adding new terms and definitions, deleting unused terms and definitions, expanding the list of deprecated terms, and updating and modifying existing definitions. This standard contains definitions for approximately 100 terms commonly used to describe the waveform measurement and analysis process and waveform parameters. Many of the terms in standards IEC 60469-1 and IEC 60469-2 have been deleted entirely or deprecated. Deprecated terms were kept in this standard to provide continuity between this standard and IEC 60469-1 and IEC 60469-2. Terms are deprecated whenever they cannot be defined unambiguously or precisely. Development of a set of agreed-upon terms and definitions presented the greatest difficulty because of the pervasive misuse, misrepresentation, and misunderstanding of terms. Legacy issues for instrumentation manufacturers and terms of common use also had to be addressed. This standard also resulted in the development of algorithms for computing the values of certain waveform parameters in all cases where these algorithms could be useful or instructive to the user of the standard. The purpose of adding these algorithms, which are recommended for use, was to provide industry with a common and communicable reference for these parameters and their computation. Heretofore, this was not available and there existed much debate and misunderstanding between various groups measuring the same parameters. Similarly, this is the reason for including several examples of basic waveforms, with formulae, in Annex A. The algorithms focus on the analysis of two-state, single-transition waveforms. The analysis of compound waveforms (waveforms with two or more states and/or two or more transitions) is accomplished by first decomposing the compound waveform into its constituent two-state single-transition waveforms. A method for performing this decomposition is provided. Algorithms for the analysis of fluctuation and random jitter of waveforms were also introduced into this standard. These algorithms describe the computation of the mean and standard deviation of jitter and fluctuation. This standard also contains methods to estimate the accuracy of the standard deviation and to correct its value.
SIST EN 60469:2013



60469 © IEC:2013 – 7 – TRANSITIONS, PULSES AND RELATED WAVEFORMS –
TERMS, DEFINITIONS AND ALGORITHMS
1 Scope This International Standard provides definitions of terms pertaining to transitions, pulses, and related waveforms and provides definitions and descriptions of techniques and procedures for measuring their parameters. The waveforms considered in this standard are those that make a number of transitions and that remain relatively constant in the time intervals between transitions. Signals and their waveforms for which this standard apply include but are not limited to those used in: digital communications, data communications, and computing; studies of transient biological, cosmological, and physical events; and electrical, chemical, and thermal pulses encountered and used in a variety of industrial, commercial, and consumer applications. This standard does not apply to sinusoidally-varying or other continuously-varying signals and their waveforms. The object of this standard is to facilitate accurate and precise communication concerning parameters of transitions, pulses, and related waveforms and the techniques and procedures for measuring them. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. None. 3 Terms, definitions and symbols
General 3.1Along with the recommended terms and their definitions, this clause also contains a number of deprecated but widely used terms. These deprecated terms and the reason for their deprecation are given after the definition of the recommended term. Throughout this standard, time is taken to be an independent variable, symbolized with the letter t. "Waveform value" is used to refer to the dependent variable, symbolized by y(t). For particular waveforms, "waveform value" will be synonymous with terms such as "voltage", "current", "power", or some other quantity. All defined terms are italicized in this document.
Terms and definitions 3.2For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. SIST EN 60469:2013



– 8 – 60469 © IEC:2013
3.2.1aberration region 3.2.1.1 post-transition aberration region
interval between a user-specified instant and a fixed instant, where the fixed instant is the first sampling instant succeeding the 50 % reference level instant for which the corresponding waveform value is within the state boundaries of the state succeeding the 50 % reference level instant
Note 1 to entry: The user-specified instant occurs after the fixed instant and is typically equal to the fixed instant plus three times the transition duration. 3.2.1.2 pre-transition aberration region
interval between a user-specified instant and a fixed instant, where the fixed instant is the first sampling instant preceding the 50 % reference level instant for which the corresponding waveform value is within the state boundaries of the state preceding the 50 % reference level instant.
Note 1 to entry: The user-specified instant occurs before the fixed instant and is typically equal to the fixed instant minus three times the transition duration.
3.2.2accuracy closeness of agreement between a measured quantity value and a true quantity value of a measurand
[ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 2.13]
3.2.3amplitude 3.2.3.1 impulse amplitude difference between the specified level corresponding to the maximum peak (minimum peak) of the positive (negative) impulse-like waveform and the level of the state preceding the first transition of that impulse-like waveform 3.2.3.2 waveform amplitude
difference between the levels of two different states of a waveform
Note 1 to entry: Two different definitions for amplitude are authorized by this standard because they are both in common use (see 3.2.3.2.1. In all applications of this standard, the chosen definition shall be clearly identified.: 3.2.3.3 signed waveform amplitude,
level of the state succeeding a transition minus the level of the state preceding the same transition 3.2.3.4 unsigned waveform amplitude absolute value of the signed amplitude
3.2.4correction operation combining the results of the conversion operation with the transfer function information to yield a waveform that is a more accurate representation of the signal
SIST EN 60469:2013



60469 © IEC:2013 – 9 – Note 1 to entry: Correction may be effected by a manual process by an operator, a computational process, or a compensating device or apparatus. Correction shall be performed to an accuracy that is consistent with the overall accuracy desired in the waveform measurement process. Note 2 to entry: See 4.2 concerning the conversion operation.
3.2.5cycle portion of a periodic waveform with a duration of one period
3.2.6delaying process in which the time of arrival of a signal is caused to occur later in time
3.2.7differentiation shaping process in which a waveform is converted to a waveform whose shape is or approximates the time derivative of that waveform
3.2.8duration difference between two specified instants
3.2.9duty factor DEPRECATED: duty cycle unless otherwise specified, for a periodic pulse train, the ratio of the pulse duration to the waveform period Note 1 to entry:
The term duty cycle is a deprecated term because the word cycle in this standard refers to the period of a signal.
3.2.10fluctuation variation (dispersion) of a level parameter of a set of repetitive waveforms with respect to a reference amplitude or a reference level
Note 1 to entry: Unless otherwise specified by a mathematical adjective, root-mean-square (rms) fluctuation is assumed.
3.2.11frequency reciprocal of the period
Note 1 to entry: The period is the waveform period. [IEC 60050-103:2009, 103-06-02, modified – the note to entry has been replaced.]
3.2.12glitch transient that leaves an initial state, enters the boundaries
...