IEC 61098:2023

IEC 61098
®

Edition 3.0 2023-02
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside


Radiation protection instrumentation – Installed personnel surface
contamination monitors

Instrumentation pour la radioprotection – Moniteurs fixes pour la surveillance de
la contamination de surface du personnel

IEC 61098:2023-02(en-fr)

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IEC 61098

®


Edition 3.0 2023-02




INTERNATIONAL



STANDARD




NORME


INTERNATIONALE
colour

inside










Radiation protection instrumentation – Installed personnel surface

contamination monitors



Instrumentation pour la radioprotection – Moniteurs fixes pour la surveillance de

la contamination de surface du personnel
















INTERNATIONAL

ELECTROTECHNICAL

COMMISSION


COMMISSION

ELECTROTECHNIQUE


INTERNATIONALE




ICS 13.280; 17.240 ISBN 978-2-8322-6527-7




Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.

Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.

® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale

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– 2 – IEC 61098:2023 © IEC 2023
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 6
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms, definitions, units and symbols . 9
3.1 Terms and definitions . 9
3.2 Units . 14
3.3 Symbols (see Table 1) . 15
4 Classification of monitors . 16
4.1 According to type of radiation to be measured . 16
4.2 According to body surface being monitored . 16
4.3 According to background compensation method . 16
5 Design characteristics . 16
5.1 Positioning of the person being monitored . 16
5.2 Size of the person being monitored . 16
5.3 Hand monitoring facilities . 17
5.4 Foot monitoring facilities . 17
5.5 Body monitoring facilities . 17
5.6 Frisker . 17
5.7 Visual display. 18
5.7.1 For the user . 18
5.7.2 For maintenance purposes . 18
5.8 Audible indicators . 18
5.9 Monitoring period . 18
5.10 Ease of decontamination . 18
5.11 Detectors used . 19
5.12 Seismic consideration . 19
6 Performance requirements and test procedures . 19
6.1 General test procedure . 19
6.1.1 Nature of tests . 19
6.1.2 Tests performed under standard test conditions . 19
6.1.3 Tests performed with variation of influence quantities . 19
6.1.4 Type F influence test . 20
6.1.5 Type S influence test . 20
6.2 Functionality test . 20
6.2.1 General . 20
6.2.2 Pre-test . 20
6.2.3 Post-test . 21
6.3 Statistical fluctuations . 21
6.4 Reference sources . 21
6.5 Requirements for use of gas flow detectors . 22
7 Radiation measurement characteristics . 22
7.1 Variation of response with source position . 22
7.1.1 General . 22
7.1.2 For clothing or the body . 22
7.1.3 For hand monitoring. 27
7.1.4 For foot monitoring . 28

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IEC 61098:2023 © IEC 2023 – 3 –
7.1.5 Contamination measurement of cloth or body by friskers . 30
7.2 Background. 33
7.2.1 General . 33
7.2.2 Subtraction of pre-determined background . 33
7.2.3 Simultaneous subtraction of determined background . 33
7.2.4 No background subtraction . 33
7.2.5 Gamma monitoring systems . 34
7.3 Detection limit (DL) . 34
7.3.1 General . 34
7.3.2 For clothing or body . 36
7.3.3 The effective instrument efficiency at the specific operating point . 36
7.3.4 For hand monitoring. 37
7.3.5 For foot monitoring . 37
7.3.6 For frisker monitoring. 38
7.4 Variation of response with energy . 38
7.4.1 General . 38
7.4.2 Beta. 38
7.4.3 Alpha . 40
7.4.4 Gamma . 40
7.5 Response to other ionising radiations . 41
7.5.1 General . 41
7.5.2 Gamma radiation . 42
7.5.3 Alpha radiation (for beta and gamma contamination monitoring

assemblies) . 42
7.5.4 Beta or gamma radiation (for alpha contamination monitoring
assemblies) . 42
7.6 Linearity of indication . 42
7.6.1 Requirements . 42
7.6.2 Method of test. 43
7.7 Alarm threshold. 43
7.7.1 General . 43
7.7.2 Requirements . 43
7.7.3 Method of test. 43
8 Overload protection . 43
8.1 Requirements . 43
8.2 Method of test . 43
9 Availability . 44
9.1 Warm-up time . 44
9.2 Power failure. 44
10 Environmental requirements . 44
10.1 General . 44
10.2 Ambient temperature. 44
10.2.1 Requirements . 44
10.2.2 Method of test. 44
10.3 Relative humidity . 45
10.3.1 Requirements . 45
10.3.2 Method of test. 45
10.4 Atmospheric pressure . 45
11 Mechanical requirements . 45

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– 4 – IEC 61098:2023 © IEC 2023
11.1 General . 45
11.2 Vibration test . 45
11.2.1 Requirements . 45
11.2.2 Method of test. 46
11.3 Mechanical shock . 46
11.3.1 Requirements . 46
11.3.2 Method of test. 46
12 Power and electromagnetic compatibility . 46
12.1 Voltage and frequency . 46
12.2 Electromagnetic compatibility . 47
12.2.1 General . 47
12.2.2 Electrostatic discharge . 47
12.2.3 Radio-frequency (RF) Immunity . 47
12.2.4 Radiated emissions . 48
12.2.5 AC line powered monitor requirements . 48
12.2.6 Immunity from conducted RF . 49
12.2.7 Surges and ring waves . 49
12.2.8 Magnetic fields . 50
13 Storage . 50
14 Documentation . 50
14.1 Certificate . 50
14.2 Operation and maintenance manual . 51
14.3 Operational instructions . 51
14.4 Type test report . 51
Annex A (informative) Explanation of the derivation of detection limit formula . 56
A.1 General . 56
A.2 In a case of taking into account a change in the background value between

the background measurement and the contamination measurement . 59
A.3 In a case of achieving background compensation simultaneously. 61
Annex B (informative) Phantoms for testing the body effect for gamma contamination
body monitors . 63
B.1 General . 63
B.2 Phantoms building blocks . 63
B.3 Range of phantoms . 64
Annex C (informative) Characterization of the error due to the background attenuation
by the body . 65
C.1 General . 65
C.2 Standard background case. 65
C.2.1 Test procedure . 65
C.2.2 Result interpretation . 65
C.2.3 Acceptance criteria . 66
C.2.4 Important note . 66
C.3 Increased background case . 66
C.3.1 General . 66
C.3.2 Polar response characterization . 67
C.3.3 Test procedure of body attenuation effect . 67
C.3.4 Result interpretation and acceptance criteria . 67
Annex D (informative) Characterization of the response to a carried gamma source . 68
D.1 General . 68

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IEC 61098:2023 © IEC 2023 – 5 –
D.2 Test procedure . 68
Bibliography . 70

Figure 1 – Vertical position of radiation source . 24
Figure 2 – Response curve composition by source position . 25
Figure 3 – Centre planes of the detection volume . 26
Figure 4 – Detector for hand monitoring . 28
Figure 5 – Detector for foot monitoring . 30
Figure 6 – Frisker (clothes)/Overhead detector . 32
Figure B.1 – Size of slices . 63
Figure B.2 – Assembled phantoms . 64
Figure D.1 – Source positions for the head . 68
Figure D.2 – Source positions for the body . 69
Figure D.3 – Source positions for the legs . 69

Table 1 – Symbols and abbreviate terms . 15
Table 2 – Emission frequency range . 48
Table 3 – Reference and standard test conditions . 52
Table 4 – Tests performed under standard test conditions . 52
Table 5 – Tests performed with variation of influence quantities . 54
Table 6 – Test and sources . 55
Table B.1 – Sizes of the set of phantoms . 64

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– 6 – IEC 61098:2023 © IEC 2023
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

RADIATION PROTECTION INSTRUMENTATION –
INSTALLED PERSONNEL SURFACE CONTAMINATION MONITORS

FOREWORD
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IEC 61098 has been prepared by subcommittee 45B: Radiation protection instrumentation, of
IEC technical committee 45: Nuclear instrumentation. It is an International Standard.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2003. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) Title is modified.
b) As an alternative of small area sources, area sources are added to be used fo
...