IEC 62822-3:2023

IEC 62822-3
®

Edition 2.0 2023-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Electric welding equipment – Assessment of restrictions related to human
exposure to electromagnetic fields (0 Hz to 300 GHz) –
Part 3: Resistance welding equipment
Matériels de soudage électrique – Évaluation des restrictions relatives à
l'exposition humaine aux champs électromagnétiques (0 Hz à 300 GHz) –
Partie 3: Matériels de soudage par résistance
IEC 62822-3:2023-05(en-fr)

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IEC 62822-3

®


Edition 2.0 2023-05




INTERNATIONAL



STANDARD




NORME


INTERNATIONALE
colour

inside










Electric welding equipment – Assessment of restrictions related to human

exposure to electromagnetic fields (0 Hz to 300 GHz) –

Part 3: Resistance welding equipment



Matériels de soudage électrique – Évaluation des restrictions relatives à

l'exposition humaine aux champs électromagnétiques (0 Hz à 300 GHz) –


Partie 3: Matériels de soudage par résistance












INTERNATIONAL

ELECTROTECHNICAL

COMMISSION


COMMISSION

ELECTROTECHNIQUE


INTERNATIONALE





ICS 25.160.30  ISBN 978-2-8322-7056-1



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® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale

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– 2 – IEC 62822-3:2023 © IEC 2023
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 6
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms, definitions, quantities, units, constants and symbols . 9
3.1 Terms and definitions . 9
3.2 Quantities and units . 11
3.3 Constants . 11
3.4 Symbols . 12
4 Requirements . 12
5 Assessment methods . 13
5.1 General . 13
5.2 Methods based on reference levels . 13
5.2.1 General . 13
5.2.2 Assessment based on measured magnetic field . 14
5.2.3 Assessment based on measured welding current . 16
5.3 Methods based on assessment of corporal quantities (basic restrictions) . 18
5.3.1 General . 18
5.3.2 Method based on coupling coefficients . 19
5.3.3 Method based on the correction factor . 21
5.3.4 Method based on the human model simulation. 22
5.3.5 Result comparison . 24
6 Measurement considerations . 24
6.1 Measurement instruments for magnetic fields or exposure levels . 24
6.1.1 General . 24
6.1.2 Probe(s) . 25
6.1.3 Handheld field meter . 25
6.1.4 Measurement system with separate elements . 25
6.2 Instruments for recording . 26
6.2.1 Welding current recording . 26
6.2.2 Magnetic field recording. 26
6.3 Signal processing (applicable to any welding current waveform) . 27
6.3.1 General . 27
6.3.2 Application of the weighted peak method in the time domain . 27
6.3.3 Spatial averaging . 27
6.3.4 Time averaging . 27
6.4 Uncertainty of assessment . 27
7 Computational assessment methods . 28
7.1 General . 28
7.2 Quasi-static approximation . 28
7.3 Human body models for simulation . 28
7.4 Computational assessment against the basic restrictions . 29
8 Source model . 30
8.1 General . 30
8.2 Source model example . 30
9 EMF data sheet and assessment report . 32
Annex A (informative) Example of assessment based on the individual components . 34

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IEC 62822-3:2023 © IEC 2023 – 3 –
A.1 General . 34
A.2 Welding current generator . 34
A.3 Coupling coefficient of welding circuit . 37
A.4 Welding-system . 38
Annex B (informative) Example datasheets . 40
B.1 Example current generator datasheet. 40
B.2 Example datasheet of the welding circuit . 41
B.3 Example datasheets of equipment assembly . 42
Annex C (informative) Coupling coefficient method . 45
C.1 Principle . 45
C.2 Validation of this method . 45
C.2.1 Context . 45
C.2.2 Basic restriction against health effects . 46
C.2.3 Basic restriction against sensory effects . 46
C.3 Conclusion . 47
Annex D (informative) Correction factor method . 49
D.1 General . 49
D.2 Principle . 49
D.3 Example of correction factor finding . 50
D.3.1 Context . 50
D.3.2 Correction factor for the trunk and limbs . 50
D.3.3 Correction factor for the head . 50
D.4 Conclusion . 51
Annex E (informative) Example of exposure assessments on a welding machine . 52
E.1 General . 52
E.2 Description of the spot welding workstation . 52
E.3 Exposure conditions . 52
E.4 Main simulation parameters and results . 54
E.4.1 Main simulation parameters . 54
E.4.2 Simulation results . 55
E.5 Exposure assessments . 55
E.5.1 General . 55
E.5.2 Method based on magnetic field calculation . 55
E.5.3 Method based on coupling coefficients . 55
E.5.4 Method based on the correction factor . 56
E.5.5 Method based on the human model . 56
E.6 Conclusion . 57
Annex F (informative) Computational methods . 58
F.1 General . 58
F.2 SPFD method . 58
F.3 Quasi-static – Finite element method . 58
F.4 Impedance method . 59
F.5 Hybrid technique of FEM and SPFD method . 60
F.6 Computation of the magnetic vector potential . 60
Annex G (informative) Averaging algorithms . 62
G.1 Current density averaging over an area . 62
G.1.1 General . 62
G.1.2 Calculation of the current density in a Cartesian voxel . 62

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– 4 – IEC 62822-3:2023 © IEC 2023
G.1.3 Calculation of the current density in a tetrahedron . 63
G.1.4 Calculation of J . 63
avg
G.2 E-field averaging in a cubical volume . 64
G.3 E-field averaging along an averaging distance . 64
G.3.1 General . 64
G.3.2 Algorithm to construct the integration path . 65
Annex H (informative) Correspondence table between time domain and frequency
domain . 66
Bibliography . 68

Figure 1 – Exposure measurement at the head position . 15
Figure 2 – Exposure measurement at trunk position . 15
Figure 3 – Exposure measurement at limb positions (hands and thigh) . 16
Figure 4 – Compliance perimeters according to reference levels (action levels) . 18
Figure 5 – Compliance perimeters according to basic restrictions (exposure limit

values) . 21
Figure 6 – Magnetic field around the human body obtained by source modelling . 23
Figure 7 – Example of induced electric field in a human body exposed to a welding gun
(I = 1kA to 50 Hz) . 24
Figure 8 – Welding current flowing in a (a × b) rectangular loop configuration . 31
Figure A.1 – Assessment of a complete welding system . 34
Figure A.2 – Typical component based assessment . 34
Figure A.3 – LF-AC (left) and MF-DC (right) current waveforms . 35
Figure A.4 – Combined ELV for the sensory and health effects applicable to the head . 35
Figure A.5 – Current exposure indices over the time for two welding technologies . 36
Figure A.6 – Geometry of the stationary spot welding gun . 37
Figure A.7 – Welding electric circuit model (in m) and one point of interest along the
X axis . 37
Figure A.8 – Coupling coefficient CC along the X axis . 38
BI
Figure A.9 – Exposure index (AL) along the X axis . 38
Figure A.10 – Exposure index (ELV) along the X axis . 39
Figure B.1 – Example datasheet of the power source . 40
Figure B.2 – Example datasheet of the electrode assembly . 41
Figure B.3 – Datasheet example of the welding system . 42
Figure B.4 – Example datasheet of the welding system (continuation) . 43
Figure B.5 – Example datasheet of the welding system (continuation) . 44
Figure C.1 – Distribution of human to disk model exposure index ratios (health effects

of ELV on trunk and hands) . 46
Figure C.2 – Distribution of human to disk model exposure index ratios (sensory and
health effects of ELV on the head) . 47
Figure D.1 – Distribution of correction factor k for health effects on trunk and hands . 50
E
Figure D.2 – Distribution of correction factor k for effects on the head (sensory and
E
health) . 51
Figure E.1 – Welding gun and its electric circuit model (yellow dash segments) . 53
Figure E.2 – Magnetic field distribution around the exposed body . 53

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IEC 62822-3:2023 © IEC 2023 – 5 –
Figure E.3 – Configuration and electric field distribution on the exposed body
(for 1 kA at f = 50 Hz) . 54
Figure E.4 – Electric field distribution on hands (for 1 kA at f = 50 Hz) . 54
Figure G.1 – Field components on voxel edges . 63

Table 1 – Examples of human models to determine induced electric fields in the low
frequency range . 29
Table A.1 – Current exposure index for LF-AC technology (I = 11,4 kA) . 36
rms
Table A.2 – GP current exposure index for LF-AC technology (I = 11,4 kA) . 36
rms
Table C.1 – Representative disk radius (geometric model) . 45
Table C.2 – Coupling coefficients . 47
Table E.1 – Coupling coefficients for the magnetic field and on human model . 55
Table E.2 – Results based on magnetic field calculation . 55
Table E.3 – Results based on coupling coefficients . 56
Table E.4 – Results based on the correction factor . 56
Table E.5 – Results based on human model . 56
Table H.1 – Transcription of formulae . 66

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– 6 – IEC 62822-3:2023 © IEC 2023
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

ELECTRIC WELDING EQUIPMENT – ASSESSMENT OF
RESTRICTIONS RELATED TO HUMAN EXPOSURE TO
ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS (0 HZ TO 300 GHZ) –

Part 3: Resistance welding equipment

FOREWORD
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rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 62822-3 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 26: Electric welding. It is an
International Standard.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2017. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) inclusion of the uncertainties in the results of the assessment;
b) simplification of the methods of exposure assessment.

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IEC 62822-3:2023 © IEC 2023 – 7 –
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
26/744/FDIS 26/745/RVD

Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/publications.
A list of all parts in the IEC 62822 series, published under the general title Electric welding
equipment – Assessment of restrictions related to human exposure to electromagnetic fields
(0 Hz to 300 GHz), can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

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