IEC 62471-6:2022

IEC 62471-6
®

Edition 1.0 2022-10
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside


Photobiological safety of lamps and lamp systems –
Part 6: Ultraviolet lamp products

Sécurité photobiologique des lampes et des appareils utilisant des lampes –
Partie 6: Appareils à lampes ultraviolettes

IEC 62471-6:2022-10(en-fr)

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IEC 62471-6

®


Edition 1.0 2022-10




INTERNATIONAL



STANDARD




NORME


INTERNATIONALE
colour

inside










Photobiological safety of lamps and lamp systems –

Part 6: Ultraviolet lamp products



Sécurité photobiologique des lampes et des appareils utilisant des lampes –

Partie 6: Appareils à lampes ultraviolettes
















INTERNATIONAL

ELECTROTECHNICAL

COMMISSION


COMMISSION

ELECTROTECHNIQUE


INTERNATIONALE




ICS 29.140.01; 31.260 ISBN 978-2-8322-5828-6




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® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
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– 2 – IEC 62471-6:2022 © IEC 2022
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms and definitions . 9
4 Risk groups applied for ultraviolet lamp-product safety assessments . 12
4.1 Basis for optical radiation safety risk group determination . 12
4.2 Assessment criteria (background) for UV lamp products . 12
5 Measurements to determine applicable risk group . 13
5.1 General . 13
5.2 Time-weighted averaged irradiance . 14
5.3 Risk group assessment conditions . 14
5.3.1 Maximum output conditioning . 14
5.3.2 Measurement and assessment distances for UV lamp products . 15
5.3.3 Risk-group assessment distances . 15
5.3.4 Dose-limited products . 18
5.3.5 Products intended to expose the skin or eyes . 18
6 Engineering requirements for RG-2 and RG-3 ultraviolet systems . 18
6.1 General . 18
6.2 Protective housing . 19
6.2.1 General . 19
6.2.2 Enclosures . 19
6.2.3 Openings, panels and doors . 19
6.3 RG-2 and RG-3 products . 19
6.3.1 General . 19
6.3.2 Proximity sensor . 20
6.3.3 Orientation control . 20
6.3.4 Upper-room germicidal UV luminaire alignment . 20
6.3.5 Delayed-ON timer . 20
6.3.6 Exposure time control / auto-shutoff . 20
6.4 Emission warning . 20
6.5 Reliability . 21
6.6 Emission controls . 21
6.6.1 General . 21
6.6.2 Emissions stop . 21
6.6.3 Key control . 21
7 Information and Labelling – Manufacturer’s Requirements . 21
7.1 General . 21
7.2 User information . 22
7.3 Labelling on UV lamps . 22
7.4 Labelling on UV lamp products. 22
7.4.1 RG-0 UV lamp products . 22
7.4.2 RG-1 UV lamp products . 22
7.4.3 RG-2 UV lamp products . 22
7.4.4 RG-3 UV lamp products . 23
7.5 User manual . 23

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IEC 62471-6:2022 © IEC 2022 – 3 –
7.5.1 General . 23
7.5.2 Risk reduction measures . 23
7.5.3 Limited use . 24
7.6 Maintenance and service . 24
Annex A (informative) Typical applications of UV lamp products . 25
A.1 Background. 25
A.2 Applications of UV lamp products . 25
A.2.1 Near-UV (UV-A) “black-light” sources to view fluorescent pigments . 25
A.2.2 Near-UV (UV-A) insect attractant lamp products . 25
A.2.3 UV germicidal (UV-C) lamp products . 26
A.2.4 UV nail curing and treatment . 26
A.2.5 UV medical and dental sources . 27
Annex B (informative) Potentially hazardous biological effects . 28
B.1 Background. 28
B.2 Adverse acute biological effects from ultraviolet irradiation . 28
B.2.1 Photokeratitis and photoconjunctivitis . 28
B.2.2 UV-Cornea reference documents . 29
B.2.3 Erythema (sunburn) . 29
B.2.4 Erythema reference documents . 29
B.3 Adverse biological effects from chronic exposure to ultraviolet irradiation . 30
B.3.1 Skin cancer . 30
B.3.2 Skin cancer reference documents . 31
B.3.3 Pterygium and pinguecula . 31
B.3.4 Pterygium and pinguecula reference documents . 31
B.3.5 Cataract . 32
B.3.6 Cataract reference documents . 32
B.3.7 Labrador keratopathy . 32
B.3.8 Corneal reference documents . 32
B.3.9 Visual effects from UV-A exposure – Lens fluorescence . 33
B.3.10 Photoretinitis – or photic maculopathy (blue light hazard) . 33
B.3.11 Retinal-photochemical biological effects reference documents . 34
Annex C (informative) Measurement of ultraviolet lamp products . 35
C.1 General . 35
C.2 Radiometers . 35
C.3 Spectroradiometers . 35
C.4 Entrance optic . 36
C.5 Spectroradiometer- radiometer approach . 37
C.6 Measurement distance versus assessment distance . 37
C.6.1 General . 37
C.6.2 Spectroradiometer approach . 37
C.6.3 Radiometer approach . 38
C.7 Reference documents . 38
Annex D (informative) Spectral weighting function S(λ) from 180 nm to 400 nm for
assessing actinic radiation hazard . 39
Annex E (informative) Examples of risk group classification applying the concept of
TWA of a spectrally-weighted emission . 42
E.1 Spectral weighting to determine effective irradiance using S(λ) . 42
E.2 Time weighting of an exposure . 42

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– 4 – IEC 62471-6:2022 © IEC 2022
E.3 Field radiometric measurements for final acceptance testing of a GUV
installation . 45
Annex F (informative) Upper room GUV – Background and rationale to achieve safety . 46
F.1 General . 46
F.2 Product Goals . 46
F.3 Product test measurement conditions. 46
F.3.1 General . 46
F.3.2 Elevation plane for radiometric measurements . 47
F.3.3 Test grid for measurements . 47
F.3.4 Detector acceptance angle (field-of-view) . 47
F.3.5 Instrument performance specifications . 47
F.4 GUV luminaires . 47
F.4.1 Adjustable UV luminaires . 47
F.4.2 Interlock safeguards on removable baffles . 47
F.4.3 Labelling requirements . 48
F.4.4 Efficacy and information for the user . 48
F.5 Acceptance testing. 48
F.5.1 Scope of the installation acceptance testing . 48
F.5.2 Time-weighted averaging . 48
F.6 Reference documents. . 48
Bibliography . 50

Figure 1 – Based on Graphic 6040 of UV lamp inside triangle from IEC 60417 . 23
Figure 2 – Alternative labels to provide added information for narrow-band UV lamps . 23
Figure B.1 – CIE Standard Action Spectrum for NMSC . 30
Figure B.2 – Semi-logarithmic comparison of three action spectra (ICNIRP S(λ) – solid
line; McKinlay, Diffey erythema – dashed; NMSC – dots) . 31
Figure C.1 – Geometry of irradiance / spectral irradiance measurements . 36
Figure E.1 – Example of how an occupational hygienist might determine different
zones of exposure by time-weighting . 43
Figure E.2 – Time-weighted averaging (TWA) over an 8 h period . 44
Figure E.3 – Field GUV safety meter with 80° full field of view . 45

Table 1 – Emission limits for risk groups for time-weighted averaged irradiance . 14
a
Table 2 – Risk group assessment distances for unrestricted-use products . 16
Table 3 – Risk group assessment distances for restricted-use products intended to be
used by instructed persons . 17
Table 4 – Risk group assessment distances for lamps or lamp products intended for
use by professional, competent persons . 18
Table D.1 – Spectral weighting function S(λ) values at 1 nm intervals . 39

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IEC 62471-6:2022 © IEC 2022 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

PHOTOBIOLOGICAL SAFETY OF LAMPS AND LAMP SYSTEMS –

Part 6: Ultraviolet lamp products

FOREWORD
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IEC 62471-6 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 76: Optical radiation safety and
laser equipment. It is an International Standard.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
76/714/FDIS 76/718/RVD

Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
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at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/standardsdev/publications.

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– 6 – IEC 62471-6:2022 © IEC 2022
In this standard, the following print types are used:
conformity statements: in italic type.
A list of all parts in the IEC 62471 series, published under the general title Photobiological
safety of lamps and lamp systems, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
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IEC 62471-6:2022 © IEC 2022 – 7 –
INTRODUCTION
Most lamps and lamp products are safe and do not pose photobiological risks except under
unusual exposure conditions; however, one group of products-ultraviolet lamp products-can
under some conditions pose optical hazards during use and require risk assessment for direct
and indirect exposure of the eyes and skin. Optical radiation hazards from all types of lamps or
other broadband light sources are assessed by the application of
IEC 62471:2006/CIE S009:2002. IEC 62471 covers light emitting diodes (LEDs), incandescent,
low- and high- pressure gas-discharge, arc and other lamps. It also covers lamps which are
designed primarily to emit ultraviolet radiant energy, such as ultraviolet sources intended to
excite fluorescence of irradiated materials, for insect light traps, for scientific studies, mineral
identification, for non-destructive testing, germicidal irradiation, and other purposes.
This document provides a risk group (RG) classification system for all ultraviolet lamp products,
and the assessment distances and measurement conditions for different products (Annex A and
Annex C). It includes manufacturing and user safety requirements that may be required as a
result of an ultraviolet lamp product being assigned to a particular risk group. The scope is
limited to products where the sole intent is to emit ultraviolet radiant energy. The advantage of
applying this document, intended solely for ultraviolet lamp products, instead of the horizontal
IEC 62471 standard, is that the risks from visible and infrared optical radiation need not be
assessed using this document, as they are assumed to be insignificant for a lamp that emits
mainly UV. The assigned risk group of an ultraviolet lamp product using this document may also
be used to assist with any needed risk assessments, e.g. for occupational exposure in
workplaces.

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– 8 – IEC 62471-6:2022 © IEC 2022
PHOTOBIOLOGICAL SAFETY OF LAMPS AND LAMP SYSTEMS –

Part 6: Ultraviolet lamp products



1 Scope
This part of IEC 62471 provides the optical radiation safety requirements for ultraviolet lamp
products, including UV LED lamp products.
This document provides requirements for:
• optical radiation safety assessment and ultraviolet-product risk groups;
• user information for safety measures;
• appropriate labelling of ultraviolet lamp products.
This document addresses those lamps and lamp products where the ultraviolet emission serves
the primary purpose of the product and where more than half of the radiant power emitted
between 180 nm and 3 000 nm is in the spectral region 180 nm to 400 nm. If more than half of
the optical radiation emitted between 180 nm and 3 000 nm is outside of the spectral region
180 nm to 400 nm, then the base standard IEC 62471 should be used. This document covers
medical diagnostic and cosmetic devices/products that emit primarily UV radiation.
Because photobiological effects from UV radiation are based on the total accumulated exposure
(dose) received, this document relies on the concept of ‘time-weighted average’ exposures
where the assessment distance for determining the RG is chosen based on realistic exposure
distances and exposure durations. In other words, it is not expected that people
...