IEC 62618:2022

IEC 62618
®

Edition 2.0 2022-11
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE


Radiation protection instrumentation – Spectroscopy-based alarming personal
radiation detectors (SPRD) for the detection of illicit trafficking of radioactive
material

Instrumentation pour la radioprotection – Détecteurs individuels
spectroscopiques d'alarme aux rayonnements (SPRD) pour la détection du trafic
illicite de matières radioactives

IEC 62618:2022-11(en-fr)

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED
Copyright © 2022 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or
your local IEC member National Committee for further information.


Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite
ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie
et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'IEC ou du Comité national de l'IEC du pays du demandeur. Si vous avez des
questions sur le copyright de l'IEC ou si vous désirez obtenir des droits supplémentaires sur cette publication, utilisez
les coordonnées ci-après ou contactez le Comité national de l'IEC de votre pays de résidence.

IEC Secretariat Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
3, rue de Varembé info@iec.ch
CH-1211 Geneva 20 www.iec.ch
Switzerland

About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.

About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigendum or an amendment might have been published.

IEC publications search - webstore.iec.ch/advsearchform IEC Products & Services Portal - products.iec.ch
The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a Discover our powerful search engine and read freely all the
variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical publications previews. With a subscription you will always
committee, …). It also gives information on projects, replaced have access to up to date content tailored to your needs.
and withdrawn publications.

Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
IEC Just Published - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished
The world's leading online dictionary on electrotechnology,
Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published
containing more than 22 300 terminological entries in English
details all new publications released. Available online and
and French, with equivalent terms in 19 additional languages.
once a month by email.
Also known as the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary

(IEV) online.
IEC Customer Service Centre - webstore.iec.ch/csc
If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or
need further assistance, please contact the Customer Service
Centre: sales@iec.ch.


A propos de l'IEC
La Commission Electrotechnique Internationale (IEC) est la première organisation mondiale qui élabore et publie des
Normes internationales pour tout ce qui a trait à l'électricité, à l'électronique et aux technologies apparentées.

A propos des publications IEC
Le contenu technique des publications IEC est constamment revu. Veuillez vous assurer que vous possédez l’édition la
plus récente, un corrigendum ou amendement peut avoir été publié.

Recherche de publications IEC - IEC Products & Services Portal - products.iec.ch
webstore.iec.ch/advsearchform Découvrez notre puissant moteur de recherche et consultez
La recherche avancée permet de trouver des publications IEC gratuitement tous les aperçus des publications. Avec un
en utilisant différents critères (numéro de référence, texte, abonnement, vous aurez toujours accès à un contenu à jour
comité d’études, …). Elle donne aussi des informations sur adapté à vos besoins.
les projets et les publications remplacées ou retirées.

Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
IEC Just Published - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished
Le premier dictionnaire d'électrotechnologie en ligne au
Restez informé sur les nouvelles publications IEC. Just
monde, avec plus de 22 300 articles terminologiques en
Published détaille les nouvelles publications parues.
anglais et en français, ainsi que les termes équivalents dans
Disponible en ligne et une fois par mois par email.
19 langues additionnelles. Egalement appelé Vocabulaire

Electrotechnique International (IEV) en ligne.
Service Clients - webstore.iec.ch/csc

Si vous désirez nous donner des commentaires sur cette
publication ou si vous avez des questions contactez-nous:
sales@iec.ch.

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
IEC 62618

®


Edition 2.0 2022-11




INTERNATIONAL



STANDARD




NORME


INTERNATIONALE











Radiation protection instrumentation – Spectroscopy-based alarming personal

radiation detectors (SPRD) for the detection of illicit trafficking of radioactive

material



Instrumentation pour la radioprotection – Détecteurs individuels

spectroscopiques d'alarme aux rayonnements (SPRD) pour la détection du trafic


illicite de matières radioactives













INTERNATIONAL

ELECTROTECHNICAL

COMMISSION


COMMISSION

ELECTROTECHNIQUE


INTERNATIONALE




ICS 13.280 ISBN 978-2-8322-6050-0




Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.

Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.

® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
– 2 – IEC 62618:2022 © IEC 2022
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions, abbreviated terms and symbols, quantities and units . 8
3.1 Terms and definitions . 8
3.2 Abbreviated terms and symbols . 10
3.3 Quantities and units . 10
4 General test procedure . 11
4.1 Standard test conditions . 11
4.2 Uncertainties. 11
4.3 Statistical fluctuations . 11
4.4 Background radiation during testing . 12
4.5 Operating parameters and set up . 12
4.6 Radiation sources . 12
4.7 Special nuclear material (SNM) and depleted uranium (DU) sources . 12
4.8 Speed of moving sources including scaling . 12
4.9 Functionality test and test acceptance range requirements . 13
4.10 Neutron measurement requirements . 15
5 General requirements . 16
5.1 Basic information . 16
5.2 Mechanical characteristics . 16
5.3 Data output . 17
5.4 User indications . 17
5.5 Markings . 17
5.6 Alarms . 18
6 Radiation detection requirements . 18
6.1 False alarm rate . 18
6.2 Gamma alarm . 18
6.3 Personal protection alarm . 19
6.4 Relative intrinsic error . 19
6.5 Detection of gradually increasing radiation levels . 20
6.6 Over-range . 20
6.7 Detection of neutrons (if provided) . 20
6.8 Gamma response of neutron detector (if provided) . 21
6.9 Identification of single radionuclides . 22
6.10 Simultaneous radionuclide identification . 23
6.11 Low-exposure rate identification . 23
6.12 Over range characteristics for identification . 23
7 Environmental requirements . 24
7.1 Ambient temperature. 24
7.2 Temperature shock . 24
7.3 Relative humidity . 24
7.4 Dust and moisture protection . 25
8 Mechanical requirements . 25
8.1 Vibration . 25

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
IEC 62618:2022 © IEC 2022 – 3 –
8.2 Microphonics/Impact . 26
8.3 Drop . 26
9 Electromagnetic requirements . 26
9.1 Electrostatic discharge (ESD) . 26
9.2 Radio frequency (RF) . 27
9.3 Radiated RF emissions . 27
9.4 Magnetic fields . 27
10 Documentation . 28
10.1 Operation and maintenance manual . 28
10.2 Test certificate . 28
10.3 Declaration of conformity . 28
Bibliography . 29

Table 1 – Overview of IEC radiation protection instrumentation standards . 6
Table 2 – Standard test conditions . 11
Table 3 – Test results analysis . 15
1
Table 4 – Identification acceptance criteria . 22

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
– 4 – IEC 62618:2022 © IEC 2022
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

RADIATION PROTECTION INSTRUMENTATION –
SPECTROSCOPY-BASED ALARMING PERSONAL
RADIATION DETECTORS (SPRD) FOR THE DETECTION
OF ILLICIT TRAFFICKING OF RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 62618 has been prepared by subcommittee 45B: Radiation protection instrumentation, of
IEC technical committee 45: Nuclear instrumentation. It is an International Standard.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2013. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) making the standard consistent with the new standards for detection of illicit trafficking of
radioactive material (see the Introduction);
b) creating unformed functionality test for all environmental, electromagnetic and mechanical
tests and a requirement for the coefficient of variation of each nominal mean reading;
c) reference to IEC 62706 for the environmental, electromagnetic and mechanical test
conditions;
d) adding information regarding climatic exposures.

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
IEC 62618:2022 © IEC 2022 – 5 –
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
45B/1011/FDIS 45B/1017/RVD

Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/standardsdev/publications.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
– 6 – IEC 62618:2022 © IEC 2022
INTRODUCTION
It is important to detect illicit and inadvertent movement of radioactive materials in the form of
radiation sources and contaminated metallurgical scrap. Radioactive sources out of regulatory
control, so-called “orphan sources”, have frequently caused serious radiation exposures and
widespread contamination. Although illicit trafficking of nuclear and other radioactive materials
is not a new problem, concern about a nuclear “black market” has increased particularly in view
of its terrorist potential.
In response to the technical policy of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), the World
Customs Organization (WCO), and the International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol)
related to the detection and identification of special nuclear materials and security trends,
nuclear instrumentation companies have developed and manufactured radiation
instrumentation to assist in the detection of illicit movement of radioactive and special nuclear
materials. This type of instrumentation is widely used for security purposes at nuclear facilities,
border control checkpoints, and international seaports and airports.
To ensure that measurement results made at different locations are consistent, it is imperative
that radiation instrumentation be designed to specifications based upon agreed performance
requirements. IEC standards have been developed to establish performance requirements for
personal radiation detectors, radiation portal monitors, highly sensitive gamma and neutron
detection systems, spectrometric personal radiation detectors, and backpack-based radiation
detection and identification systems. Table 1 contains a list of those standards.
Table 1 – Overview of IEC radiation protection instrumentation standards
Type of IEC
Title of the standard
instrumentation number
Radiation protection instrumentation – Alarming Personal Radiation Devices
62401
(PRDs) for the detection of illicit trafficking of radioactive material
Radiation protection instrumentation – Spectroscopy-Based Alarming Personal
Body-worn 62618 Radiation Detectors (SPRD) for the detection of illicit trafficking of radioactive
material
Radiation protection instrumentation – Backpack-type radiation detector (BRD)
62694
for the detection of illicit trafficking of radioactive material
Radiation protection instrumentation – Hand-held instruments for the detection
62327 and identification of radionuclides and for the estimation of ambient dose
equivalent rate from photon radiation
Portable or
Radiation protection instrumentation – Highly sensitive hand-held instruments
62533
hand-held
for photon detection of radioactive material
Radiation protection instrumentation – Highly sensitive hand-held instruments
62534
for neutron detection of radioactive material
Radiation protection instrumentation – Installed radiation portal monitors
62244
(RPMs) for the detection of illicit trafficking of radioactive and nuclear materials
Portal
Radiation protection instrumentation – Spectrometric radiation portal monitors
62484 (SRPMs) used for the detection and identification of illicit trafficking of
radioactive material
Radiation protection instrumentation – Data format for radiation instruments
Data format 62755
used in the detection of illicit trafficking of radioactive materials
Radiation protection instrumentation – Vehicle-mounted mobile systems for the
Mobile system 63121
detection of illicit trafficking of radioactive materials

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
IEC 62618:2022 © IEC 2022 – 7 –
RADIATION PROTECTION INSTRUMENTATION –
SPECTROSCOPY-BASED ALARMING PERSONAL
RADIATION DETECTORS (SPRD) FOR THE DETECTION
OF ILLICIT TRAFFICKING OF RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL



1 Scope
This document applies to Spectroscopy-based alarming Personal Radiation Detectors (SPRD).
SPRDs detect and identify gamma radiation and may detect neutron radiation. SPRDs can be
worn on a belt or in a pocket to alert the wearer of the presence of a radiation source. SPRDs
provide search, similar to that of a Personal Radiation Device (PRD), and identification
capability to identify radiation sources. They can discriminate between alarms caused by
Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) or medical radionuclides and alarms from
industrial sources or Special Nuclear Material (SNM).
This document establishes performance requirements and specifies general characteristics,
general test conditions, radiological, climatic, mechanical, and electromagnetic characteristics.
This document also provides test methods that are used to determine if an SPRD meets the
stated requirements.
This document does not apply to the performance of radiation protection instrumentation which
is covered in IEC 61526 and IEC 60846-1. SPRDs are not intended for accurate measurement
of personal (H (10)) or ambient (H*(10)) dose equivalent (rate).
p
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60050-395:2014, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 395: Nuclear
instrumentation – Physical phenomena, basic concepts, instruments, systems, equipment and
detectors
IEC 60050-395:2014/AMD1:2016
IEC 60050-395:2014/AMD2:2020
IEC 60079-11, Explosive atmospheres – Part 11: Equipment protection by intrinsic safety "i"
IEC 62706, Radiation protection instrumentation – Recommended climatic, electromagnetic and
mechanical performance requirements and methods of tests
IEC 62755, Radiation protection instrumentation – Data format for radiation instruments used
in the detection of illicit trafficking of radioactive materials
IEC TR 62971:2015, Radiation instrumentation – Radiation sources used in illicit trafficking
detection standards – Guidance and recommendations
UL 913, Standard for Intrinsically Safe Apparatus and Associated Apparatus for Use in Class I,
II, III, Division 1, Hazardous (Classified) Locations
ICRU report 39, Determination of Dose Equivalents Resulting from External Radiation Sources

---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
– 8 – IEC 62618:2022 © IEC 2022
ICRU report 47, Measurement of Dose Equivalents from External Photon and Electron
Radiations
3 Terms and definitions, abbreviated terms and symbols, quantities and units
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-395, as well
as the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1.1
acceptable identification
correct identification
when an instrument correctly identifies only the radionuclides present
3.1.2
accuracy of measurement
closeness of the agreement between the result of a measurement and the conventionally true
value of the measurand
Note 1 to entry: “Accuracy” is a quantitative concept.
Note 2 to entry: The term precision should not be used for “accuracy”.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-395:2014/AMD2:2020, 395-16-14]
3.1.3
alarm
audible, visual, or other signal activated when the instrument reading exceeds a pre-set value
or falls outside of a pre-set range
3.1.4
alarm criteria
condition that causes an instrument to alarm
3.1.5
background radiation level
radiation field in which there are no external radioactive sources present other than those in
the natural background at the location of the measurements
3.1.6
confidence indication
indication provided by the instrument to assess the reliability assigned to the validity of the
identification. For each identified radionuclide, the instrument indicates the likelihood of its
correct identification.
3.1.7
coefficient of variation
ratio of the standard deviation σ to the arithmetic mean x of a set of n measurements x given
i
by the following formula:

---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
IEC 62618:2022 © IEC 2022 – 9 –
n
s 11
2
COV  x− x
( )
∑ i
x xn−1
i=1
3.1.8
conventionally true value of a quantity
value attributed to a particular quantity and accepted, sometimes by convention, as having an
uncertainty appropriate for a given purpose
Note 1 to entry: "Conventionally true value of a quantity" is sometimes called assigned value, best estimate of the
value, conventional value or reference value.
Note 2 to entry: A conventionally true value is, in general, regarded as sufficiently close to the true value for the
difference to be insignificant for the given purpose. For example, a value determined from a primary or secondary
standard or by a reference instrument, may be taken as the conventionally true value.
3.1.9
false alarm
alarm not caused by an increase in radiation level over background conditions
3.1.10
functionality test
procedure to measure potential changes in the instrument response, such as drift in energy
calibration or sensitivity
3.1.11
influence quantity
quantity that is not the measurand but that affects the result of the measurement
Note 1 to entry: For example, temperature of a micrometer used to measure length.
3.1.12
precision
degree to which repeated measurements under unchanged conditions show the same result
(also called reproducibility or repeatability)
3.1.13
radioactive material
material containing one or more constituents exhibiting radioactivity
Note 1 to entry: For the purpose of this document, radioactive material includes special nuclear material.
3.1.14
reference point of an instrument
mark on the equipment at which the instrument is positioned for the purpose of calibration
Note 1 to entry: The point from which the distance to the source is measured.
Note 2 to entry: The reference point for calibration is also used as reference point for testing.
3.1.15
reference source
radioactive secondary standard source for use in calibration of the measuring instrument
Note 1 to entry: In this document, refere
...