IEC 60364-5-57:2022

IEC 60364-5-57
®

Edition 1.0 2022-10
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Low voltage electrical installations –
Part 5-57: Selection and erection of electrical equipment – Erection of
stationary secondary batteries
Installations électriques à basse tension –
Partie 5-57: Choix et mise en œuvre des matériels électriques – Mise en œuvre
des batteries d’accumulateurs stationnaires
IEC 60364-5-57:2022-10(en-fr)

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IEC 60364-5-57
®

Edition 1.0 2022-10
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Low voltage electrical installations –
Part 5-57: Selection and erection of electrical equipment – Erection of
stationary secondary batteries
Installations électriques à basse tension –
Partie 5-57: Choix et mise en œuvre des matériels électriques – Mise en œuvre
des batteries d’accumulateurs stationnaires
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 91.140.50 ISBN 978-2-8322-3941-4
Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.
Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale

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– 2 – IEC 60364-5-57:2022 © IEC 2022
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
570.1 Scope . 6
570.2 Normative references . 6
570.3 Terms and definitions . 7
570.4 Operation modes . 8
570.4.1 Grid connected . 8
570.4.2 Grid connected and islanding mode . 9
570.5 Main characteristics of stationary secondary batteries . 9
570.5.1 Types of equipment . 9
570.5.2 Selection of battery . 10
570.5.3 Converter . 10
570.6 Selection and erection of electrical equipment . 10
570.6.1 General . 10
570.6.2 Measures for protection against electric shock. 11
570.6.3 Protection against thermal effects . 12
570.6.4 Protection against short-circuit . 12
570.6.5 Isolation . 13
570.6.6 Unexpected islanding . 13
570.6.7 Protection against other hazards . 14
Annex A (informative) Technical characteristics . 15
A.1 Nominal voltage . 15
A.2 Discharge . 15
A.2.1 Discharge voltage curve . 15
A.2.2 Temperature dependence . 16
A.3 Internal Impedance . 16
A.3.1 General . 16
A.3.2 Battery equivalent circuit . 16
A.3.3 Voltage drop . 17
A.3.4 Thermal effects . 17
A.3.5 Time dependence . 17
A.3.6 Gas evolution of lead acid, nickel-cadmium batteries and zinc dibromide
aqueous electrolyte . 18
Annex B (informative) Technical characteristics for battery load . 19
B.1 C-rate . 19
B.2 Battery discharge performance . 19
B.3 Ripple effects . 20
Annex C (normative) Battery accommodation . 21
C.1 General . 21
C.2 Specific requirements for separate battery rooms . 21
C.3 Specific requirements for the specially separated areas in rooms
accommodating electrical equipment. 22
C.4 Accommodation for lead acid and NiCd batteries in the same room . 22
C.5 Detection means . 22
Annex D (informative) Identification labels and warning notices . 23
Annex E (informative) List of notes concerning certain countries . 24
Bibliography . 25

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IEC 60364-5-57:2022 © IEC 2022 – 3 –
Figure 1 – Battery operating only when grid connected . 9
Figure 2 – Battery operation with the grid and in island mode . 9
Figure 3 – Battery charger contribution to a DC system fault . 13
Figure A.1 – Examples of cell discharge characteristics for different technologies and
for constant current discharge . 16
Figure A.2 – Battery equivalent circuit impedance . 17
Figure B.1 – Typical discharge curves of lead acid as a function of C-rate as a

parameter . 19
Figure B.2 – Capacity characteristic as a function of discharge time . 20

Table 1 – Protective measures where converter without galvanic separation is used. 12

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– 4 – IEC 60364-5-57:2022 © IEC 2022
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

LOW VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS –

Part 5-57: Selection and erection of electrical equipment –
Erection of stationary secondary batteries

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
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2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
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indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 60364-5-57 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 64: Electrical installations and
protection against electric shock. It is an International Standard.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
64/2558/FDIS 64/2561/RVD

Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.

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IEC 60364-5-57:2022 © IEC 2022 – 5 –
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement,
available at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by
IEC are described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/standardsdev/publications.
The reader's attention is drawn to the fact that Annex E lists all of the "in-some-country"
clauses on differing practices of a less permanent nature relating to the subject of this
document.
A list of all parts in the IEC 60364 series, published under the general title Low voltage
electrical installations, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

IMPORTANT – The "colour inside" logo on the cover page of this document indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.

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LOW VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS –

Part 5-57: Selection and erection of electrical equipment –
Erection of stationary secondary batteries



570.1 Scope
This part of IEC 60364 provides requirements and recommendations for the design, erection,
correct use and protection of installations with secondary stationary batteries as prime
storage medium, hereinafter referred to as "stationary secondary batteries".
This document is not applicable to products such as batteries and to systems design
(including batteries) which are already covered by their own IEC standard.
570.2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their
content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition
cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including
any amendments) applies.
IEC 60364-4-41, Low-voltage electrical installations – Part 4-41: Protection for safety –
Protection against electric shock
IEC 60364-5-53:2019, Low-voltage electrical installations – Part 5-53: Selection and erection
of electrical equipment – Devices for protection for safety, isolation, switching, control and
monitoring
IEC 60364-5-54, Low-voltage electrical installations – Part 5-54: Selection and erection of
electrical equipment – Earthing arrangements and protective conductors
IEC 60364-8-82, Low-voltage electrical installations – Part 8-2: Prosumer's low-voltage
electrical installations
IEC 60896-21, Stationary lead-acid batteries – Part 21: Valve regulated types – Methods of
test
IEC 61340-4-1, Electrostatics – Part 4-1: Standard test methods for specific applications –
Electrical resistance of floor coverings and installed floors
IEC 61660-1, Short-circuit currents in d.c. auxiliary installations in power plants and
substations – Part 1: Calculation of short-circuit currents
IEC 61660-2, Short-circuit currents in d.c. auxiliary installations in power plants and
substations – Part 2: Calculation of effects
IEC 62485-2, Safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installation – Part 2:
Stationary batteries
IEC 62619:2017, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid
electrolytes – Safety requirements for secondary lithium cells and batteries, for use in
industrial applications

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IEC 60364-5-57:2022 © IEC 2022 – 7 –
570.3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
570.3.1
cell
basic functional unit, consisting of an assembly of electrodes, electrolyte, container, terminals
and usually separators, that is a source of electric energy obtained by direct conversion of
chemical energy
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-01-01, modified – Note deleted.]
570.3.2
capacity
quantity of electricity (electric charge) which a fully charged cell or
battery can deliver under specified conditions
Note 1 to entry: Capacity is usually expressed in ampere hour (Ah) or watt hour (Wh).
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2020, 482-03-14, modified – "quantity of electricity" and "fully
charged" added, "discharge" deleted and Note 1 to entry replaced with a new Note 1 to entry.]
570.3.3
secondary cell
cell which is designed to be electrically recharged
Note 1 to entry: The recharge is accomplished by way of a reversible chemical reaction.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-01-03]
570.3.4
secondary battery
assembly of secondary cell(s) ready for use as a source of electrical energy characterized by
its voltage, size, terminal arrangement, capacity and rate capability
[SOURCE: IEC 62133-1:2017, 3.8, modified – Note deleted.]
570.3.5
stationary secondary battery
secondary battery that is permanently connected to the DC power supply and which is
designed for service in a fixed location and is not habitually moved from place to place during
operation
570.3.6
battery
one or more cells fitted with devices necessary for use, for example case, terminals, marking
and protective devices
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-01-04]

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570.3.7
vented cell
secondary cell having a cover provided with an opening through which products of electrolysis
and evaporation are allowed to escape freely from the cell to the atmosphere
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-05-14]
570.3.8
valve regulated lead acid battery
VRLA
secondary battery in which cells are closed but have a valve which allows the escape of gas if
the internal pressure exceeds a predetermined value
Note 1 to entry: The cell or battery cannot normally receive additions to the electrolyte.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-05-15]
570.3.9
converter
device for changing one or more characteristics associated with electrical energy
Note 1 to entry: Characteristics associated with electrical energy are for example voltage, number of phases and
frequency including zero frequency.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-151:2001, 151-13-36, modified – "electric" replaced with "electrical"
and in the note "electrical" added to "energy".]
570.3.10
island mode
operating mode in which the prosumer’s electrical installation (PEI) is disconnected from the
distribution network
570.3.11
System referencing conductor
conductor connecting one live conductor of the power system and an earthing arrangement
Note 1 to entry: The live conductor connected is the neutral or the mid-point if existing, or a line conductor when
not existing.
570.4 Operation modes
570.4.1 Grid connected
The battery is permanently connected to the grid.
In case of outage of the grid, the battery shall be automatically disconnected from the
installation. See Figure 1.

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IEC 60364-5-57:2022 © IEC 2022 – 9 –

Figure 1 – Battery operating only when grid connected
570.4.2 Grid connected and islanding mode
In islanding mode, the battery supplies the installation even when the grid is disconnected
from the installation. See Figure 2.

Figure 2 – Battery operation with the grid and in island mode
570.5 Main characteristics of stationary secondary batteries
570.5.1 Types of equipment
Stationary secondary batteries are defined by their physical construction. They shall be
designed to be fixed installed and fixed connected to an electrical installation.
Various types of secondary cells, defined by their chemical composition, can be used.
EXAMPLE
a) lead acid;
b) nickel;
– nickel-cadmium (NiCd);
– nickel-metal-hydride (NiMH);
c) lithium-ion (Li-ion);
– lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2);
– lithium manganese oxide (LiMn2O4);
– lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4);
– lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (LiNiMnCoO2);
– lithium nickel cobalt aluminium oxide (LiNiCoAlO2);
– lithium titanate (Li4Ti5O12);
– lithium ion polymer (LiPo);
d) zinc dibromide aqueous electrolyte.

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570.5.2 Selection of battery
The selection of capacity and battery types depends on many parameters such as:
• load characteristics;
• battery voltage;
• usable battery capacity;
• charge time and discharge time;
• converter connection.
The required usable capacity of batteries shall be estimated according to the following
formulas:
Load power (W ) x Running time(h)
{ } { }

Capacity (Ah) =
Battery voltage V
( )
Capacity (Wk) = {Load power (W)} × {Running time (h)}
NOTE 1 Usable battery capacity can also depend on the ambient temperature and number of charging cycles.
NOTE 2 See Annex A for technical characteristics of secondary cells that can be relevant for the erection of
stationary secondary batteries.
570.5.3 Converter
The type of converter shall be selected to be suitable for the type of battery and its
application.
NOTE See Annex B for technical characteristics for battery load.
The AC voltage ripple shall be kept within the range specified by the battery manufacturer
(see also Clause B.3).
Protective provisions and DC safety instructions shall be provided.
570.6 Selection and erection of electrical equipment
570.6.1 General
570.6.1.1 Main principle
A battery shall be considered as both supply and load. Therefore, energy can flow in both
directions and safety devices shall be chosen accordingly.
The voltage at the battery terminals shall be assumed to be always present, therefore all
safety precautions shall be taken considering this fact.
In general, battery protection shall address the following undesirable events or conditions, as
applicable:
– excessive current during charging or discharging;
– short-circuit;
– overvoltage;
– overcharging;
– undervoltage – exceeding preset depth of discharge (DoD) limits;

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IEC 60364-5-57:2022 © IEC 2022 – 11 –
– extreme ambient temperatures (see A.2.2);
– overheating – exceeding a cell temperature limit;
– pressure build-up inside the cell;
– automatic disconnection of the battery from the connected system in case of an
emergency.
Some batteries can include built-in protective devices which can provide several layers of
additional protection.
EXAMPLE Lithium-ion battery built-in protection can include:
– excess of temperature;
– short-circuit current.
In all cases manufacture's instructions shall be complied with.
For Li-ion batteries the following risks shall be considered:
a) Faults which can be avoided by suitable monitoring of each cell for current (charge current
is temperature dependent), voltage and temperature (U, I, T). If one or more cells were
outside of one of their operating limits, they shall be considered as damaged and should
not continue to operate.
b) Cell internal problems (short-circuits by dendrites, gassing, material degradation). These
risks can be reduced by the selection of cells regarding quality and homogeneity. Refer
also to IEC 62619:2017, 7.3. (internal short-circuits) and 7.3.3 (propagation test). Single
cell defects can propagate by affecting other Li-ion cells nearby and can cause a slow
chain reaction. The cells should be placed or separated in a way which avoids
propagation.
For an erected battery made from Li-ion cells, the same safety requirements as for complete
battery products shall at least comply with the requirements of IEC 62619.
Batteries intended for use by other than skilled or instructed persons shall be installed within
enclosures which shall only be opened by a key or tools. See Annex C.
570.6.1.2 Protective earthing
Where an earthing arrangement is connected on the DC side of the converter, the converter
shall have a galvanic separation.
To prevent circulating currents, the system shall be earthed at one point only.
Where the battery system is designed to be used in islanding mode, the earthing of the
battery system during the island mode shall be designed in accordance with IEC 60364-8-82
and IEC 60364-5-54.
Where earthing is provided on the DC side, measures shall be taken to prevent the risk of
electrolytic corrosion due to DC currents.
570.6.2 Measures for protection against electric shock
570.6.2.1 General
Where the protective measure consists in the automatic disconnection
...