IEC 61482-2:2009

IEC 61482-2


®

Edition 1.0 2009-04



INTERNATIONAL



STANDARD



NORME
INTERNATIONALE


Live working – Protective clothing against the thermal hazards of an electric arc –
Part 2: Requirements

Travaux sous tension – Vêtements de protection contre les dangers thermiques
d’un arc électrique –
Partie 2: Exigences

IEC 61482-2:2009

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---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
IEC 61482-2


®

Edition 1.0 2009-04



INTERNATIONAL



STANDARD



NORME
INTERNATIONALE


Live working – Protective clothing against the thermal hazards of an electric arc –
Part 2: Requirements

Travaux sous tension – Vêtements de protection contre les dangers thermiques
d’un arc électrique –
Partie 2: Exigences


INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
S
CODE PRIX
ICS 13.220.40; 29.260 ISBN 978-2-88910-521-2
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale

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– 2 – 61482-2 © IEC:2009



CONTENTS

FOREWORD.4


INTRODUCTION.6

1 Scope.7

2 Normative references .7


3 Terms and definitions .8

4 Requirements .10

4.1 General .10

4.2 Design requirements for protective clothing .10
4.3 General material requirements .11
4.3.1 Limited flame spread of material.11
4.3.2 Mechanical properties of woven outer material .11
4.3.3 Burst strength of knitted outer material .11
4.3.4 Dimensional change due to laundering and/or dry cleaning of outer
material .11
4.4 Arc thermal resistance requirements .12
4.5 Marking .12
4.6 Instructions for use.13
5 Tests .13
5.1 General .13
5.1.1 Test conditions .13
5.1.2 Pre-treatment - Laundering and/or dry cleaning .13
5.2 Tests of design requirements of the protective clothing .13
5.2.1 Garment construction and workmanship .13
5.2.2 Size designation and ergonomics .14
5.2.3 Ageing.14
5.2.4 Thread, accessories, closures .14
5.3 Tests of general material requirements.14
5.3.1 Limited flame spread of material.14
5.3.2 Mechanical properties of woven outer material .14
5.3.3 Burst strength of knitted outer material .15
5.3.4 Dimensional change due to laundering and/or dry cleaning of outer
material .15
5.4 Tests of arc thermal resistance requirements .15
5.4.1 Type tests .15
5.4.2 Alternative means to arc thermal resistance test to fulfil conformity
assessment of protective clothing having completed the production
phase .15
5.5 Marking .15
5.5.1 Visual inspection .15
5.5.2 Durability of marking.15
5.6 Instruction for use .15
6 Conformity assessment of protective clothing having completed the production
phase .16
Annex A (normative) Marking and instructions for use.17
Annex B (normative) Type tests .19
Annex C (normative) Classification of defects .20
Annex D (informative) Use and maintenance .21

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61482-2 © IEC:2009 – 3 –


Bibliography.22




Table B.1 – List of type tests.19

Table C.1 – Classification of defects and associated requirements and tests .20

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INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

____________



LIVE WORKING –

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING AGAINST

THE THERMAL HAZARDS OF AN ELECTRIC ARC –



Part 2: Requirements





FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
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agreement between the two organizations.
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indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

International Standard IEC 61482-2 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 78: Live
Working.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
78/783/FDIS 78/797/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

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61482-2 © IEC:2009 – 5 –


A list of all parts of the IEC 61482 series, published under the general title Live working –
Protective clothing against the thermal hazards of an electric arc, can be found on the IEC

website.


The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until

the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in

the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be


• reconfirmed,

• withdrawn,

• replaced by a revised edition, or

• amended.

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– 6 – 61482-2 © IEC:2009


INTRODUCTION


This International Standard has been prepared in accordance with the requirements of

IEC 61477.


The products designed and manufactured according to this standard contribute to the safety

of the users, provided they are used by skilled persons, in accordance with safe methods of

work and the instructions for use.


The product covered by this standard may have an impact on the environment during some or

all stages of its life cycle. These impacts can range from slight to significant, be of short-term

or long-term, and occur at the global, regional or local level.
This standard does not include requirements and test provisions for the manufacturers of the
product, or recommendations to the users of the product for environmental improvement.
However, all parties intervening in its design, manufacture, packaging, distribution, use,
maintenance, repair, reuse, recovery and disposal are invited to take account of
environmental considerations.

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61482-2 © IEC:2009 – 7 –


LIVE WORKING –

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING AGAINST

THE THERMAL HAZARDS OF AN ELECTRIC ARC –



Part 2: Requirements








1 Scope

This part of IEC 61482 is applicable to protective clothing used in work if there is an electric
arc hazard.
This standard specifies requirements and test methods applicable to materials and garments
for protective clothing for electrical workers against the thermal hazards of an electric arc
based on
– relevant general properties of the textiles, tested with selected textile test methods, and
– arc thermal resistance properties, such as
• the arc rating of materials (ATPV or E ), when tested with an open electric arc
BT50
under defined laboratory conditions according to IEC 61482-1-1, or
• the arc protection class of materials and garments (Class 1 or Class 2), when tested
with a directed and constrained electric arc under defined laboratory conditions
according to IEC 61482-1-2.
Requirements of this standard do not address electric shock hazards. The present standard is
applicable in combination with standards covering such hazards.
NOTE 1 If conductive fibres are used in the construction of the garments the risk for electric shock hazard should
be considered.
This standard does not contain requirements for the protection of head, hands and feet.
NOTE 2 Requirements and tests to cover these hazards are under development.
Requirements of this standard do not cover the electric arc hazards of electric shock, noise,
UV emissions, pressure shrapnel, hot oil, the consequences of physical and mental shock and
the toxic influences.

NOTE 3 The standard is applicable in combination with standards covering such hazards.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 61318:2007, Live working – Conformity assessment applicable to tools, devices and
equipment
IEC 61477, Live working – Minimum requirements for the utilization of tools, devices and
equipment

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– 8 – 61482-2 © IEC:2009


IEC 61482-1-1, Live working – Protective clothing against the thermal hazards of an electric

arc – Part 1-1: Test methods – Method 1 – Determination of the arc rating (ATPV or E ) of
BT50

)
1
flame resistant materials for clothing


IEC 61482-1-2:2007, Live working – Protective clothing against the thermal hazards of an

electric arc – Part 1-2: Test methods – Method 2 – Determination of arc protection class of

material and clothing by using a constrained and directed arc (box test)


ISO 3175-2, Textiles – Professional care, drycleaning and wetcleaning of fabrics and
garments – Part 2: Procedure for testing performance when cleaning and finishing using
tetrachloroethene

ISO 3758, Textiles – Care labelling code using symbols
ISO 5077, Textiles – Determination of dimensional change in washing and drying
ISO 6330, Textiles – Domestic washing and drying procedures for textile testing
ISO 13688:1998, Protective clothing – General requirements
ISO 13934-1, Textiles – Tensile properties of fabrics – Part 1: Determination of maximum
force and elongation at maximum force using the strip method
ISO 13937-2, Textiles – Tear properties of fabrics – Part 2: Determination of tear force of
trouser-shaped test specimens (Single tear method)
ISO 13938-1, Textiles – Bursting properties of fabrics – Part 1: Hydraulic method for
determination of bursting strength and bursting distension
ISO 14116:2008, Protective clothing – Protection against heat and flame – Limited flame
spread materials, material assemblies and clothing
ISO 15025:2000, Protective clothing – Protection against heat and flame – Method of test for
limited flame spread
ISO 17493, Clothing and equipment for protection against heat – Test method for convective
heat resistance using a hot air circulating oven
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 61318 and the

following apply.
3.1
arc thermal performance value
ATPV
in arc testing, the incident energy on a material or a multilayer system of materials that results
in a 50 % probability that sufficient heat transfer through the tested specimen is predicted to
cause the onset of a second degree skin burn injury based on the Stoll curve, without
breakopen
2 2 2 )
2
NOTE ATPV is expressed in kJ/m or kW·s/m (cal/cm ).
[Definition 3.1.4 of IEC 61482-1-1]
___________
1)
To be published.
2) 2 2 2 2
 Correlation 1 cal/cm = 41,868 kJ/m ; 1 kJ/m = 0,023885 cal/cm .

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61482-2 © IEC:2009 – 9 –


3.2

arc thermal protection

degree of thermal protection offered against electric arc under specific arc testing conditions


NOTE 1 For materials, the arc thermal performance is obtained from the measurement of the transmitted energy

and by evaluation of other thermal parameters (burning time, hole formation, melting).

NOTE 2 For garments, the arc thermal performance is obtained by evaluation of thermal parameters (burning

time, hole formation, melting) and of the functioning of fasteners and accessories.

[Definition 3.5 of IEC 61482-1-2:2007]


3.3

breakopen threshold energy
E
BT50
incident energy on a fabric or material that results in a 50 % probability that sufficient heat
transfer through the tested specimen is predicted to cause the tested specimen to break open
2 2 2 )
3
NOTE The breakopen threshold energy is expressed in kJ/m or kW·s/m (cal/cm ).
[Definition 3.1.8 of IEC 61482-1-1, modified]
3.4
clothing
assembly of garments worn by workers
3.5
electric arc
self-maintained gas conduction for which most of the charge carriers are electrons supplied
by primary-electron emission
[IEV 121-13-12]
NOTE During live working, the electric arc is generated by gas ionisation arising from an unintentional electrical
conducting connection or breakdown between live parts or a live part and the earth path of an electrical installation
or an electrical device. During testing, the electric arc is initiated by the blowing of a fuse wire.
3.6
garment
single item of clothing which may consist of single or multiple layer(s)
3.7
material
fabric or other substances of which the garment is made, this may consist of single or multiple
layers

3.8
protective clothing
clothing which covers or replaces personal clothing and which is designed to provide
protection against one or more hazards
[Definition 3.4 of ISO 13688:1998]
___________
3) 2 2 2 2
 Correlation 1 cal/cm = 41,868 kJ/m ; 1 kJ/m = 0,023885 cal/cm .

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– 10 – 61482-2 © IEC:2009


3.9

Stoll curve

curve of thermal energy and time produced from data on human tissue tolerance to heat and

used to predict the onset of second-degree burn injury


[Definition 3.29 of IEC 61482-1-2:2007]



3.10

test current

I ,
arc class

prospective short-circuit current of the electric test circuit (predicted current), characterising a

test class, r.m.s. value (symmetrical AC component)
NOTE Test current is expressed in A.
[Definition 3.30 of IEC 61482-1-2:2007]
4 Requirements
4.1 General
General requirements which are not specifically covered in this standard shall be in
accordance with ISO 13688.
4.2 Design requirements for protective clothing
The garment shall be designed in a way, that they do not influence or hinder the wearer
performing work.
Garments protecting the upper part of the body shall have long sleeves.
Fasteners of the garment shall be designed in a way that the opening function is still present
after being exposed to an accidental arc.
Thread, accessories and closures used in garment construction shall not contribute to the
severity of the injuries to the wearer in the event of a momentary electric arc and related
thermal exposure.
No exposed external metal shall be permitted in the clothing. If internal metal and/or melting
parts (e.g. fasteners, buttons, and accessories) are used they shall be covered to the inside
to avoid skin contact.

All parts of a garment shall be made of arc thermal resistant materials. In case different
materials are used e.g. for the front and back the exact information shall be given where the
weaker area is located (e.g. by means of a drawing of the garment including dimensions and
warning indication).
The front side of the garment and the complete sleeves (all around the arms and over the
complete length of the arms) of the garment (e.g. jackets) shall fulfil the same arc thermal
resistance requirements. If due to comfort requirements the garment is not produced of the
same materials in all areas then this shall be clearly stated in the instructions for use.
NOTE 1 These requirements are also valid for garments protecting the lower part of the body (e.g. trousers,
chaps, leggings).
Sewing thread utilized in the construction of garments shall be made of an inherently flame-
resistant fibre and shall not melt when tested at a temperature of 260 °C in accordance with

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61482-2 © IEC:2009 – 11 –


ISO 17493. There are many seams in a garment that have no influence on protection, e.g.

hems, pocket seams, etc. The sewing thread there need not be flame resistant.


During its service life, protective clothing shall keep its arc thermal properties when cleaned

according to the instructions for use.


If a single manufacturer makes claims for a garment system as arc thermal protective

clothing, then this garment system shall be tested and shall fulfil the requirements of this

standard.


NOTE 2 If the user is wearing a garment system (e.g. jacket + shirt) from different manufacturers as arc thermal

protective clothing, then this garment system should be tested to determine how the system fulfils the requirements
of this standard.
4.3 General material requirements
4.3.1 Limited flame spread of material
4.3.1.1 Classification of limited flame spread index
All materials claiming compliance with this standard shall achieve a specified limited flame
spread index when tested in accordance with ISO 15025 Procedure A (see 5.3.1) and
classified according to ISO 14116.
4.3.1.2 Single layer material
If a single-layer material is used in the garment, this material shall fulfil the limited flame
spread index 3.
4.3.1.3 Multi-layer material
If a multi-layer material is used in the garment, the following requirements shall be fulfilled:
– all outer layer and innermost layer materials shall fulfil the limited flame spread index 3,
– all middle layers shall fulfil in minimum the flame spread index 1.
4.3.2 Mechanical properties of woven outer material
4.3.2.1 Tear resistance
The woven outer material shall have a tear resistance of at least 15 N (for weight higher than
2 2 2
220 g/m ) or at least 10 N (for weight within 150 g/m and 220 g/m ) in the machine and the
cross directions tested according to ISO 13937-2.

4.3.2.2 Tensile strength
The woven outer material shall have a tensile strength of at least 400 N (for weight higher
2 2 2
than 220 g/m ) or at least 250 N (for weight within 150 g/m and 220 g/m ) in the machine
and the cross directions tested according to ISO 13934-1.
4.3.3 Burst strength of knitted outer material
The knitted outer material shall have a burst strength of at least 200 kPa tested according to
ISO 13938-1.
4.3.4 Dimensional change due to laundering and/or dry cleaning of outer material
The woven outer material shall have a dimensional change according to ISO 5077 not
exceeding ± 3 % in the machine and the cross directions tested according to 5.3.4.

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– 12 – 61482-2 © IEC:2009


The knitted outer material shall have a dimensional change according to ISO 5077 not

exceeding ± 5 % tested according to 5.3.4.


4.4 Arc thermal resistance requirements


The protective clothing covered by this standard shall have certain resistance properties to

the thermal effects of an electric arc.


Two international test methods have been developed to provide information on the resistance

of clothing to the thermal effects of electric arcs. Each method gives different information.


To be in accordance with this standard, a product shall be evaluated by using IEC 61482-1-1
or/and IEC 61482-1-2. Depending on the needs, the users will specify for one test method or
the other.
NOTE 1 Depen
...