ISO/TR 25104:2008

TECHNICAL ISO/TR
REPORT 25104
First edition
2008-02-01

Intelligent transport systems — System
architecture, taxonomy, terminology and
data modelling — Training requirements
for ITS architecture
Systèmes intelligents de transport — Architecture, taxinomie,
terminologie et modélisation de données, relatives aux systèmes —
Exigences de formation pour une architecture ITS




Reference number
ISO/TR 25104:2008(E)
©
ISO 2008

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ISO/TR 25104:2008(E)
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ISO/TR 25104:2008(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions. 1
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 2
5 Subjects for education and training . 3
5.1 Background information . 3
5.2 What are “Intelligent Transport Systems”? .3
5.3 “User Needs” and “Fundamental Services” requiring ITS. 3
5.4 Systems architectures for ITS . 4
5.5 Standardization for ITS. 4
5.6 Interoperability is important and achievable . 5
5.7 Systems engineering for ITS . 5
6 Example curricula for training related to ITS architecture and ITS standards. 5
6.1 Prerequisite training. 5
6.2 Introduction to ITS. 5
6.3 ITS technology . 6
6.4 ITS theory . 6
6.5 Architecture aspects of ITS service provision . 7
6.6 Technology aspects of ITS service provision (as they relate to system architecture). 7
6.7 National and regional architecture development . 8
6.8 Strategies to use standards in ITS. 8
6.9 The process of standards development for ITS . 8
6.10 National standards development organizations (SDO) for ITS. 9
6.11 Other organizations relevant to ITS standards. 9
6.12 Other architecture related issues. 9
Bibliography . 10

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ISO/TR 25104:2008(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
In exceptional circumstances, when a technical committee has collected data of a different kind from that
which is normally published as an International Standard (“state of the art”, for example), it may decide by a
simple majority vote of its participating members to publish a Technical Report. A Technical Report is entirely
informative in nature and does not have to be reviewed until the data it provides are considered to be no
longer valid or useful.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/TR 25104 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems.
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ISO/TR 25104:2008(E)
Introduction
The objective of this Technical Report is to propose generic training requirements for the skills required to
understand and develop architectural models for Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS).
This Technical Report has been prepared to assist organizations in developing the knowledge and skills of
their own staff and those of allied organizations such a suppliers and customers, and to assist academic
institutions to develop curriculum and syllabus.
The approach taken is the proposal of a taxonomy of the knowledge elements of ITS architectural theory and
practice. This approach has been widely used in other fields where it is often entitled as the “Body of
Knowledge” (BOK), for example the software engineering BOK or SWEBOK.

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TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 25104:2008(E)

Intelligent transport systems — System architecture, taxonomy,
terminology and data modelling — Training requirements for
ITS architecture
1 Scope
This Technical Report discusses the development for generic education and training requirements for the
teaching of ITS architecture, and the acquisition of skills to interpret and develop ITS architectures.
This Technical Report provides suggestions to those planning education and/or training courses associated
with ITS system architecture as to the subjects that should be studied.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 14813-1, Intelligent transport systems — Reference model architecture(s) for the ITS sector — Part 1:
ITS service domains, service groups and services
ISO/TR 14813-2, Transport information and control systems — Reference model architecture(s) for the TICS
sector — Part 2: Core TICS reference architecture
ISO/IEC 19501, Information technology — Open Distributed Processing — Unified Modeling Language (UML)
Version 1.4.2
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
architecture
set of concepts and rules describing the interrelationship between entities in the entire system, independent of
the hardware and software environment, reference [1] and described through a series of views that may be at
varying levels of generality/specificity, abstraction/concretion, totality/component and so on
3.2
system architecture (Intelligent transport)
framework for ITS deployments
NOTE It is a single, high-level description of the major elements or objects and the interconnections amongst them. It
provides the framework around which the interfaces, specifications and detailed system designs can be defined. An
architecture is not a product design, nor a detailed specification for physical deployment, reference [1].
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ISO/TR 25104:2008(E)
3.3
business case
structured proposal for business improvement that functions as a decision package for decision-makers
The business case should explain why a project is required for the business and what the product or service is
going to be. It should include an outline of the “Return on Investment” (ROI), or a cost/benefit analysis for the
project, the project's product and performance characteristics, major project risks and the opportunities.
The business case addresses, at a high level, the business needs that the project seeks to meet. It includes
the reasons for the project, the expected business benefits, the options considered (with reasons for rejecting
or carrying forward each option), the expected costs of the project, a GAP analysis and the expected risks.
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
ANSI American National Standards Institute
APTA American Public Transportation Association
APEC Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation
ARIB Association of Radio Industries and Businesses (Japan)
ARINC Air Radio Incorporated
ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials
BCA Benefit cost analysis
CEN Comité européen de normalisation
CEPT Conférence européenne des administrations des postes et des télécommunications
ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute
EU European Union
FCC Federal Communications Commission (USA)
GAP good/average/poor
ICT Information and Communications Technology
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IETF Internet Engineering Task Force
ITE Institute of Transportation Engineers
ITS Intelligent Transport Systems
ITU International Telecommunications Union
ITU-T International Telecommunications Union — Telecommunications
ITU-R International telecommunications Union — Radio
NEMA National Electrical Manufacturers Association
OASIS Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards
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ISO/TR 25104:2008(E)
OMG Object Management Group
ROI Return on Investment
SAE Society of Automotive Engineers
TE&A Test, Evaluation & Acceptance
TIA Telecommunications Industries Association
TICS Transport Information & Control Systems (old name for Intelligent Transport Systems)
UN/CEFACT United Nations Centre for Trade Facilitation and Electronic Business
USDoT United States Department of Transport
W3C World Wide Web Consortium
WG1 Working group 1 (of TC 204)
5 Subjects for education and training
5.1 Background information
This Technical Report arose from work by WG1 on the elaboration of ITS Architecture standards and their
application. It appeared that the successful uptake of relevant standards and practices would be dependent
partly on the effectiveness of the education, training and organizational development related to ITS
architecture.
The education and training requirements identified are those which have occurred within the development
activities of the ISO TC204 WG1. A list of references is provided in the Bibliography. See References [6] to
[17].
5.2 What are “Intelligent Transport Systems”?
Intelligent Transport Systems have been described in a variety of ways including this from the ITS Handbook:
“ITS embraces a broad range of information technologies (IT), satellite and communications-based
information, control and digital technologies. Collectively, these offer new possibilities for solving what seem to
be intractable problems of congestion, traffic accidents, inefficient logistics, and the environmental impact of
surface transportation” (see Reference [1]).
5.3 “User Needs” and “Fundamental Services” requiring ITS
ISO 14813-1 characterizes the ITS sector as comprising 12 “ITS service domains”. These are:
⎯ Traveller information — Provision of both static and dynamic information about the transport network to
users, including modal options and transfers.
⎯ Traffic management and operations — Management of the movement of vehicles, travellers and
pedestrians throughout the road transport network.
⎯ Vehicle Services — Enhancement of safety, security and efficiency in vehicle operations, by warnings
and assistance to users or control vehicle operations.
⎯ Freight transport — Management of commercial vehicle operations; freight and fleet management;
activities t
...